Celiac disease (CD) is the world's most common genetic food intolerance disorder. Children with celiac disease cannot tolerate gluten, a storage protein in wheat, rye, and barley. The first recognizable symptom in children is often an oral manifestation, rather than the typical gastrointestinal symptoms. The purpose of this paper is to review the oral and dental manifestations of CD to help pediatric dentists identify and refer atypically symptomatic patients to their pediatricians.
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Diabetes
January 2025
Barbara Davis Center for Diabetes, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA.
Increasing evidence shows that pathogenic T cells in type 1 diabetes (T1D) that may have evaded negative selection recognize post-translational modified (PTM) epitopes of self-antigens. We have investigated the profiles of autoantibodies specifically targeting the deamidated epitopes of insulinoma antigen-2 extracellular domain (IA-2ec) to explore their relationship with T1D development. We compared the characteristics of autoantibodies targeting the IA-2ec Q>E epitopes (PTM IA-2ecA) as well as those targeting the IA-2ec unmodified epitopes (IA-2ecA) in participants across different stages of T1D development and in individuals with other types of diabetes and other kinds of autoimmunity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Clin Endocrinol Metab
January 2025
Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX.
Context: When clinically stable, patients with A-β+ Ketosis-Prone Diabetes (KPD) manifest unique markers of amino acid metabolism. Biomarkers differentiating KPD from type 1 (T1D) and type 2 diabetes (T2D) during hyperglycemic crises would accelerate diagnosis and management.
Objective: Compare serum metabolomics of KPD, T1D and T2D patients during hyperglycemic crises, and utilize Classification and Regression Tree (CART) modeling to distinguish these forms of diabetes.
Ann Endocrinol (Paris)
January 2025
Service d'Endocrinologie, Diabétologie, Métabolisme, Nutrition; Hôpital Huriez, CHU Lille; Inserm U1190, Institut Génomique Européen pour le Diabète, Université de Lille, F-59000 Lille, France. Electronic address:
The differential diagnosis of primary hyperparathyroidism can be considered clinically, biologically and radiologically. Clinically, primary hyperparathyroidism should be suspected in case of diffuse pain, renal lithiasis, osteoporosis, repeated fracture, cognitive or psychiatric disorder, or disturbance of consciousness. Nevertheless, the differential diagnosis of primary hyperparathyroidism is mainly biological, particularly in atypical forms, which must be differentiated from hypercalcemia with hypocalciuria or non- elevated PTH on the one hand, and from normo-calcemia with elevated PTH, hypophosphatemia or hypercalciuria on the other.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Pediatr Endocrinol Metab
January 2025
Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, & Nutrition, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
Objectives: The association of celiac disease (CD) in type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is well-established, yet variation exists in screening practices. This study measures the accuracy of early screening with tissue transglutaminase Immunoglobulin A (TTG-IgA) and endomysial antibody (EMA) in newly diagnosed T1DM.
Methods: This is a retrospective study of children with T1DM between 2013 and 2019 with early CD screening and follow-up.
Dig Liver Dis
January 2025
Department of Internal Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Pavia, Italy; Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Gastroenterology Unit of Pavia Institute, Italy.
Background: In uncertain cases of coeliac disease (CD), gluten challenge (GC) may be necessary to confirm or exclude the diagnosis. However, data on diagnostic outcomes after GC are limited.
Aims: We aimed to evaluate outcomes after GC in patients with unconfirmed CD who had already started a gluten-free diet (GFD), and identify predictors of a confirmed diagnosis.
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