AI Article Synopsis
- Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a growing global health issue with high rates of incidence and mortality, but current diagnostic methods are inadequate for predicting outcomes.
- Indoxyl sulfate, a uremic toxin linked to CKD, poses risks such as nephrotoxicity, cardiovascular issues, and bone toxicity, potentially correlating with loss of kidney function and increased mortality.
- The review highlights the importance of indoxyl sulfate in diagnostics, exploring its biological characteristics, effects on health, potential therapies, and relevance in clinical studies.
Article Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is an increasingly recognized disease with high global incidence and mortality. Yet, the existing diagnostic tools are not sufficient enough to predict prognosis of CKD and CKD comorbidities. Indoxyl sulfate, a typical uremic toxin, is of great importance in the development of CKD with its nephrotoxicity, cardiovascular toxicity, and bone toxicity. Some reports suggest that indoxyl sulfate directly associate with renal function loss and mortality in CKD patients. This review discusses the diagnostic value of indoxyl sulfate from its biological characteristics, pathophysiological effects, related therapies, and its diagnostic value in clinical studies.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/hdi.12483 | DOI Listing |
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