Reverse transcription is a key process in the early steps of HIV infection. This process initiates within a specific complex formed by the 5' UTR of the HIV genomic RNA (vRNA) and a host primer tRNA Using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and single-molecule fluorescence spectroscopy, we detect two distinct conformers adopted by the tRNA/vRNA initiation complex. We directly show that an interaction between the conserved 8-nucleotide viral RNA primer activation signal (PAS) and the primer tRNA occurs in one of these conformers. This intermolecular PAS interaction likely induces strain on a vRNA intramolecular helix, which must be broken for reverse transcription to initiate. We propose a mechanism by which this vRNA/tRNA conformer relieves the kinetic block formed by the vRNA intramolecular helix to initiate reverse transcription.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1261/rna.056804.116 | DOI Listing |
Discov Oncol
January 2025
Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, China.
Sarcoma (SARC), a diverse group of stromal tumors arising from mesenchymal tissues, is often associated with a poor prognosis. Emerging evidence indicates that senescent cells within the tumor microenvironment (TME) significantly contribute to cancer progression and metastasis. Although the influence of senescence on SARC has been partially acknowledged, it has yet to be fully elucidated.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Med Virol
January 2025
Radiology department, Tianjin Fifth Central Hospital, Tianjin, China.
To evaluate the performance of three rapid influenza diagnostic tests (RIDTs) for detecting influenza A and B viruses compared to RT-PCR. A total of 291 subjects with acute respiratory infections were enrolled. Respiratory specimens were collected and tested for influenza A and B viruses using three RIDTs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFComb Chem High Throughput Screen
January 2025
Thoracic and Abdominal Radiotherapy Department I, Meizhou People's Hospital, Meizhou 514031, Guangdong, China.
Background: TSPOAP1 antisense RNA 1 (TSPOAP1-AS1) is a long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) that has received widespread attention in oncology research in recent years. Its role and mechanism in some cancers have gradually been revealed. However, it is not clear what role TSPOAP1-AS1 plays in cervical cancer (CESC).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWorld J Gastroenterol
January 2025
Department of General Surgery, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, China.
Background: The objective of the current study was to elucidate the clinical mechanism through which phospholipase D2 (PLD2) exerted a regulatory effect on neutrophil migration, thereby alleviating the progression of acute pancreatitis.
Aim: To elucidate the clinical mechanism through which PLD2 exerted a regulatory effect on neutrophil migration, thereby alleviating the progression of acute pancreatitis.
Methods: The study involved 90 patients diagnosed with acute pancreatitis, admitted to our hospital between March 2020 and November 2022.
Heliyon
January 2025
Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yangjiang People's Hospital, Yangjiang, Guangdong, 529525, China.
Objective: Eugenol (EU) from cloves is highly effective against different tumors. The long noncoding ribonucleic acids (lncRNAs), which play a role of competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs), suppress microRNAs (miRNAs) involved in post-transcriptional regulatory networks. The present work focused on analyzing how EU affected pre-cancerous breast lesions (PBL).
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