AI Article Synopsis
- Zirconium-based metal-organic frameworks (Zr-MOFs) are effective in breaking down nerve agents GD and VX, as well as the simulant DMNP, due to their high surface area and stability in water.
- A major challenge is that these frameworks usually require a buffer solution for maximum efficiency.
- This research demonstrates that mixing a MOF catalyst with a non-volatile, water-insoluble heterogeneous buffer allows for rapid and effective hydrolysis of the agents without needing a traditional buffer.
Article Abstract
Owing to their high surface area, periodic distribution of metal sites, and water stability, zirconium-based metal-organic frameworks (Zr -MOFs) have shown promising activity for the hydrolysis of nerve agents GD and VX, as well as the simulant, dimethyl 4-nitrophenylphosphate (DMNP), in buffered solutions. A hurdle to using MOFs for this application is the current need for a buffer solution. Here the destruction of the simulant DMNP, as well as the chemical warfare agents (GD and VX) through hydrolysis using a MOF catalyst mixed with a non-volatile, water-insoluble, heterogeneous buffer is reported. The hydrolysis of the simulant and nerve agents in the presence of the heterogeneous buffer was fast and effective.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chem.201603976 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Nanomaterials-Enabled Sensors for Detecting and Monitoring Chemical Warfare Agents.
Small
December 2024
School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales (UNSW Sydney), Sydney, New South Wales, 2052, Australia.
Despite their restrictions under international treaties, many chemical warfare agents (CWAs) and their toxic analogues are still used in various industrial sectors such as agriculture and chemical manufacturing. Thus, the need for sensitive and selective CWA detection remains critical. Commercially available detection methods, while accurate, are often bulky, expensive, and require specialized personnel.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPotential and real dangers of the chemical warfare agents use during the full-scale invasion into Ukraine.
Wiad Lek
December 2024
UKRAINIAN MILITARY MEDICAL ACADEMY, KYIV, UKRAINE.
Objective: Aim: To analyze modern threats of the use of chemical warfare agents on the line of contact during the full-scale invasion into Ukraine.
Patients And Methods: Materials and Methods: The study was carried out with the use of theoretical methods (information retrieval, analytical, descriptive, generalization, system analysis and information synthesis) and the construction of trends with the identification of the coefficient of determination.
Results: Results: Most of damage cases of the military men of the Armed Forces of Ukraine were caused by the enemy's use of such groups of chemical warfare agents with an irritating effect as lacrimators and sternites, more specifically K-51 grenades with chloropicrin (PS) and 2-chlorobenzalmalononitrile (CS), RGR grenade with 2-chlorobenzalmalononitrile (CS) and RG-Vo (862-3-23) grenades with chloroacetophenone (CN).
Oxidative stress reactions in rats with pulmonary injuries induced by sulfur mustard (1 LD).
Hum Exp Toxicol
December 2024
Department of Respiration, The 80th Group Army Hospital of People's Liberation Army, Weifang, China.
Objective: Sulfur mustard (SM) is an important chemical warfare agent. The mechanisms underlying SM toxicity have not been completely elucidated. However, oxidative stress and the subsequent damage to macromolecules have been considered ascrucial steps in SM toxicity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDevelopment and validation of a liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) assay for the quantification of oximes in KIKO mouse plasma.
J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci
December 2024
United States Army Medical Research Institute of Chemical Defense, 8350 Ricketts Point Road, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010, USA. Electronic address:
Chemical warfare nerve agents (CWNAs) are potent and irreversible inhibitors of acetylcholinesterase (AChE). Oxime reactivators are an important part of the standard treatment for CWNA exposure as they can reactivate inhibited AChE. Evaluating the oxime candidates of interest in biological samples requires analytical detection methods and oxime reactivators as a class of compounds have historically been notoriously difficult to isolate, detect and analyze in an analytical laboratory, and there are currently no sensitive or robust analytical detection methods in the literature.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRelevance of the Platelet-activating factor system in chemical warfare agents-induced effects.
Free Radic Biol Med
December 2024
Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Boonshoft School of Medicine Wright State University, Dayton, OH 45435. Electronic address:
The threats to chemical warfare-associated agents (CWA), including nitrogen mustard, are increasing, and no direct antidote is currently available to mitigate the deleterious cutaneous and systemic responses to prevent mortality. Though most of these agents act as alkylating agents, a significant knowledge gap exists in the molecular mechanisms of how these vesicants cause toxic effects. Studies, including ours, have shown that exposure to reactive oxygen species (ROS)-generating stimuli, including alkylating chemotherapeutic agents, and thermal burn injuries with ethanol produce the potent family of lipid mediators, Platelet-activating factor (PAF) agonists that induce local inflammation, and multi-system organ dysfunction (MOD).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!