Effects of acetaminophen and mannitol on crush injuries in rats: An experimental study.

Background: The present objective was to evaluate effects of acetaminophen and mannitol on renal function and histopathology in crush injuries.

Methods: Thirty-six rats weighing 370-400 g each were used. No surgery was performed on the first (control) group. The gastrocnemius muscle regions of each rat in the remaining 5 groups were compressed for 2 or 24 hours. In the 4th group, 100 mg/kg acetaminophen was intraperitoneally administered. In the 5th group, 1 g/kg mannitol was administered. In the 6th group, 100 mg/kg acetaminophen and 1 g/kg mannitol were administered.

Results: No statistically significant differences were observed among the treatment groups in terms of sodium, potassium, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and average creatinine clearance values. Hydropic degeneration, tubular necrosis, presence of immunoperoxidase and myoglobin, tubulus epithelial cell degeneration, and presence of PAS-dyed material in tubular lumen was more prominently decreased in the acetaminophen group than the mannitol group. Improvement was observed in the group that was administered both drugs, compared to the mannitol-only group, though findings were still worse than those of the group administered acetaminophen only.

Conclusion: In crush injuries, acetaminophen improves histopathological renal damage better than mannitol. When used in conjunction with mannitol, the toxic effect of acetaminophen on the liver is decreased.