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Glycogen synthase kinase (GSK)-3β is a multifunctional protein that has been implicated in the pathological characteristics of Alzheimer's disease (AD), including the heightened levels of neurofibrillary tangles, amyloid-beta (Aβ), and neurodegeneration. We have previously shown that an antisense oligonucleotide directed at the Tyr 216 site on GSK-3β (GAO) when injected centrally can decrease GSK-3β levels, improve learning and memory, and decrease oxidative stress. In addition, we showed that GAO can cross the blood-brain barrier. Herein the impact of peripherally administered GAO in both the non-transgenic SAMP8 and transgenic Tg2576 (APPswe) models of AD were examined respective to learning and memory. Brain tissues were then evaluated for expression changes in the phosphorylated-Tyr 216 residue, which leads to GSK-3β activation, and the phosphorylated-Ser9 residue, which reduces GSK-3β activity. SAMP8 GAO-treated mice showed improved acquisition and retention using aversive T-maze, and improved declarative memory as measured by the novel object recognition (NOR) test. Expression of the phosphorylated-Tyr 216 was decreased and the phosphorylated-Ser9 was increased in GAO-treated SAMP8 mice. Tg2576 GAO-treated mice improved acquisition and retention in both the T-maze and NOR tests, with an increased phosphorylated-Ser9 GSK-3β expression. Results demonstrate that peripheral administration of GAO improves learning and memory, corresponding with alterations in GSK-3β phosphorylation state. This study supports peripherally administered GAO as a viable means to mediate GSK-3β activity within the brain and a possible treatment for AD.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/JAD-160416 | DOI Listing |
Mem Cognit
December 2024
Faculty of Human Cultures and Sciences, Fukuyama University, Hiroshima, Japan.
This study examined informative and uninformative anchoring effects on judgments of learning (JOLs), focusing on two hypotheses: the optimistic/pessimistic and differential-scaling hypotheses. The optimistic/pessimistic hypothesis states that anchoring information changes subjective confidence in memory, whereas the differential-scaling hypothesis states that anchoring information elicits a scaling bias in the conversion process of subjective internal confidence into scale JOLs (i.e.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Acoust Soc Am
December 2024
Division of Humanities, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong.
In perceptual studies, musicality and pitch aptitude have been implicated in tone learning, while vocabulary size has been implicated in distributional (segment) learning. Moreover, working memory plays a role in the overnight consolidation of explicit-declarative L2 learning. This study examines how these factors uniquely account for individual differences in the distributional learning and consolidation of an L2 tone contrast, where learners are tonal language speakers, and the training is implicit.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Med Robot
December 2024
School of Automation, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, China.
Background: Percutaneous puncture procedures, guided by image-guided robotic-assisted intervention (IGRI) systems, are susceptible to disruptions in patients' respiratory rhythm due to factors such as pain and psychological distress.
Methods: We developed an IGRI system with a coded structured light camera and a binocular camera. Our system incorporates dual-pathway deep learning networks, combining convolutional long short-term memory (ConvLSTM) and point long short-term memory (PointLSTM) modules for real-time respiratory signal monitoring.
Front Plant Sci
December 2024
College of Agronomy, College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong, China.
In order to achieve precise discrimination of leaf diseases in the Maize/Soybean intercropping system, i.e. leaf spot disease, rust disease, mixed leaf diseases, this study utilized hyperspectral imaging and deep learning algorithms for the classification of diseased leaves of maize and soybean.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Neurosci
December 2024
Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine & Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Subang Jaya, Malaysia.
G protein-coupled receptor 139 (GPR139), a highly conserved orphan receptor, is predominantly expressed in the habenula of vertebrate species. Habenula is an ancient epithalamic structure, which is critical to comprehending adaptive behaviors in vertebrates. We have previously demonstrated the role of GPR139 agonists in fear-associated decision-making processes in zebrafish.
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