Failure to clear oral secretions can be debilitating for patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), but the treatment of this symptom is poorly defined and there is no consensus on best practice. The objective of this study was to identify the treatments that are commonly prescribed, and to describe how experienced clinicians manage a patient with treatment resistant symptoms. Twenty-three clinicians were approached, of which 19 from 16 centres across the UK provided case report forms for a total of 119 ALS patients identified as having problematic oral secretions. The use of five anticholinergics, salivary gland botulinum toxin injections, conservative management approaches and carbocisteine were reported. Of the 72 patients who were evaluated following the initiation of a first anticholinergic, 61% had symptomatic improvement. Only 19% of patients achieved symptomatic improvement with the use of an alternative anticholinergic when an initial anticholinergic achieved no symptomatic improvement. Problems with thick and thin secretions often coexisted, with 37% of patients receiving treatment for both types of problem. In conclusion, a variety of treatment options are employed by expert clinicians for problematic oral secretions in ALS patients. The variation in management highlights the need for further prospective research in this area.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
---|---|
http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/21678421.2016.1221433 | DOI Listing |
Ecotoxicol Environ Saf
January 2025
Department of Urology & Andrology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310016, China. Electronic address:
Given the extensive use of plastic materials in modern society, there is an escalating concern about the potential risks associated with exposure to plastic products. This study investigated the impact of plastic leachates from boiled-water-treated cups, including polypropylene (PP), high-density polyethylene (HDPE), low-density polyethylene (LDPE), polystyrene (PS), and polyethylene terephthalate (PET), on male reproductive health. Experimental mice were administered daily doses of the plastic leachates for 180 consecutive days.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTheranostics
January 2025
State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China.
The EGFR-driven angiogenesis is crucial in solid tumors, particularly through the delivery of biomolecules via extracellular vesicles (EVs), but the mechanism by which EGFR regulates EV cargo is still unclear. First, cell co-culture and murine tumor models were employed to examine the impact of EGFR overexpression on the pro-angiogenic properties of small EVs (sEVs) derived from oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Small RNA sequencing was then used to compare the miRNA profiles of OSCC-sEVs with and without EGFR overexpression, followed by functional enrichment and motif analyses of the differentially expressed miRNAs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTher Clin Risk Manag
January 2025
Departments of Medicine and Cardiology, Westchester Medical Center and New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, USA.
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a rare and potentially fatal condition characterized by progressive increases in blood pressure in the arteries of the lungs. Oral selexipag, approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in 2015 for the treatment of PAH, targets prostacyclin receptors on pulmonary arterial vascular smooth muscle and endothelial cells to improve blood flow through the lungs and reduce pulmonary vascular resistance. Oral selexipag is effective, but may be discontinued due to factors like side effects, emergency conditions, or inability to take oral medication, potentially leading to severe adverse events, such as rebound pulmonary hypertension and right heart failure.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Nanomedicine
January 2025
Division of Microbiology, National Center for Toxicological Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR, 72079, USA.
Poor aqueous solubility and bioavailability limit the translation of new drug candidates into clinical applications. Nanocrystal formulations offer a promising approach for improving the dissolution rate and saturation solubility. These formulations are applicable for various routes of administration, with each presenting unique opportunities and challenges posed by the physiological barriers.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBrain Commun
January 2025
Science for Life Laboratory, KTH-Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm 17165, Sweden.
Parkinson's disease is primarily marked by mitochondrial dysfunction and metabolic abnormalities. We recently reported that the combined metabolic activators improved the immunohistochemical parameters and behavioural functions in Parkinson's disease and Alzheimer's disease animal models and the cognitive functions in Alzheimer's disease patients. These metabolic activators serve as the precursors of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide and glutathione, and they can be used to activate mitochondrial metabolism and eventually treat mitochondrial dysfunction.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!