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Low-intensity repetitive magnetic stimulation lowers action potential threshold and increases spike firing in layer 5 pyramidal neurons in vitro. | LitMetric

AI Article Synopsis

  • Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is a technique that modulates brain plasticity, with high-intensity rTMS used clinically to target specific brain areas while also affecting nearby regions at lower intensities.
  • This study focused on the effects of low-intensity repetitive magnetic stimulation (LI-rMS) on layer 5 pyramidal neurons' excitability, finding that it does not affect passive membrane properties but does lower action potential thresholds and increase spike-firing frequency.
  • The findings suggest that even regions outside the high-intensity rTMS target can be impacted, highlighting the potential for these methods to induce changes in neuronal excitability and contribute to overall neural plasticity.

Article Abstract

Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) has become a popular method of modulating neural plasticity in humans. Clinically, rTMS is delivered at high intensities to modulate neuronal excitability. While the high-intensity magnetic field can be targeted to stimulate specific cortical regions, areas adjacent to the targeted area receive stimulation at a lower intensity and may contribute to the overall plasticity induced by rTMS. We have previously shown that low-intensity rTMS induces molecular and structural plasticity in vivo, but the effects on membrane properties and neural excitability have not been investigated. Here we investigated the acute effect of low-intensity repetitive magnetic stimulation (LI-rMS) on neuronal excitability and potential changes on the passive and active electrophysiological properties of layer 5 pyramidal neurons in vitro. Whole-cell current clamp recordings were made at baseline prior to subthreshold LI-rMS (600 pulses of iTBS, n=9 cells from 7 animals) or sham (n=10 cells from 9 animals), immediately after stimulation, as well as 10 and 20min post-stimulation. Our results show that LI-rMS does not alter passive membrane properties (resting membrane potential and input resistance) but hyperpolarises action potential threshold and increases evoked spike-firing frequency. Increases in spike firing frequency were present throughout the 20min post-stimulation whereas action potential (AP) threshold hyperpolarization was present immediately after stimulation and at 20min post-stimulation. These results provide evidence that LI-rMS alters neuronal excitability of excitatory neurons. We suggest that regions outside the targeted region of high-intensity rTMS are susceptible to neuromodulation and may contribute to rTMS-induced plasticity.

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Source
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroscience.2016.08.030DOI Listing

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