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Cost-effectiveness of leveraging existing HIV primary health systems and community health workers for hypertension screening and treatment in Africa: An individual-based modeling study.
PLoS Med
January 2025
Institute for Global Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom.
Background: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) morbidity and mortality is increasing in Africa, largely due to undiagnosed and untreated hypertension. Approaches that leverage existing primary health systems could improve hypertension treatment and reduce CVD, but cost-effectiveness is unknown. We evaluated the cost-effectiveness of population-level hypertension screening and implementation of chronic care clinics across eastern, southern, central, and western Africa.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPulmonary embolism and obstructive sleep apnea.
Semin Respir Crit Care Med
January 2025
Respiratory Department, La Fe University and Polytechnic Hospital, Valencia, Spain.
Pulmonary embolism (PE) and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) remain a major health issue worldwide with potential overlapping pathophysiological mechanisms. PE, the most severe form of venous thromboembolism, is associated with high morbidity and mortality, presenting challenges in management and prevention, especially in high-risk populations. OSA is a prevalent condition characterized by repeated episodes of upper airway closure resulting in intermittent hypoxia and sleep fragmentation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPolygenic Risk Score Added to Conventional Case Finding to Identify Undiagnosed Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease.
JAMA
January 2025
Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
Importance: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is often undiagnosed. Although genetic risk plays a significant role in COPD susceptibility, its utility in guiding spirometry testing and identifying undiagnosed cases is unclear.
Objective: To determine whether a COPD polygenic risk score (PRS) enhances the identification of undiagnosed COPD beyond a case-finding questionnaire (eg, the Lung Function Questionnaire) using conventional risk factors and respiratory symptoms.
Under-recognised neurocognitive deficits in adults and adolescents with tuberous sclerosis complex.
J Med Genet
January 2025
Department of Neurosciences, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Québec, Canada
Background: Tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) is a genetic disease characterised by the growth of benign tumours. The Tuberous sclerosis Associated Neuropsychiatric Disorders (TAND) Checklist is used to identify patient-reported neurocognitive deficits. Patients may, however, under-recognise mild cognitive impairment.
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Natl J Maxillofac Surg
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Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, S. N. Medical College, Agra, Uttar Pradesh, India.
Background: Myofascial pain syndrome MPS is one of the most common causes of chronic musculoskeletal pain. It clinically presents with hypersensitive points in the muscle called "trigger points". Most of the time it remains undiagnosed/undertreated and this leads to severity in symptoms.
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