AI Article Synopsis
- Cortical responses to sensory stimuli, particularly in the primary visual cortex (V1), are influenced by the animal's state of locomotion, with pyramidal neurons showing increased visual activity during movement.
- The study used in vivo two-photon calcium imaging to examine different types of interneurons (VIP, SST, and PV) in mouse V1 and found that all showed varying levels of activity during locomotion, contradicting the idea that disinhibition solely controls sensory response gain.
- Results indicated that the responsiveness of these interneurons to locomotion depends on the context, with somatostatin (SST) neurons exhibiting the most distinct variations, suggesting a more complex modulation of neuronal activity than previously thought.
Article Abstract
Cortical responses to sensory stimuli are modulated by behavioral state. In the primary visual cortex (V1), visual responses of pyramidal neurons increase during locomotion. This response gain was suggested to be mediated through inhibitory neurons, resulting in the disinhibition of pyramidal neurons. Using in vivo two-photon calcium imaging in layers 2/3 and 4 in mouse V1, we reveal that locomotion increases the activity of vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), somatostatin (SST) and parvalbumin (PV)-positive interneurons during visual stimulation, challenging the disinhibition model. In darkness, while most VIP and PV neurons remained locomotion responsive, SST and excitatory neurons were largely non-responsive. Context-dependent locomotion responses were found in each cell type, with the highest proportion among SST neurons. These findings establish that modulation of neuronal activity by locomotion is context-dependent and contest the generality of a disinhibitory circuit for gain control of sensory responses by behavioral state.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5030095 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.14985 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Surprising features of nuclear receptor interaction networks revealed by live-cell single-molecule imaging.
Elife
January 2025
Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Berkeley, United States.
Type II nuclear receptors (T2NRs) require heterodimerization with a common partner, the retinoid X receptor (RXR), to bind cognate DNA recognition sites in chromatin. Based on previous biochemical and overexpression studies, binding of T2NRs to chromatin is proposed to be regulated by competition for a limiting pool of the core RXR subunit. However, this mechanism has not yet been tested for endogenous proteins in live cells.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEffect of cryoablation on the spatial transcriptomic landscape of the immune microenvironment in non-small cell lung cancer.
J Cancer Res Ther
December 2024
Department of Oncology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, P.R. China.
Background: Cryoablation induces antitumor immune responses. Spatial transcriptomic landscape technology has been used to determine the micron-level panoramic transcriptomics of tissue slices in situ.
Methods: The effects of cryoablation on the immune microenvironment in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) were explored by comparing the Whole Transcriptome Atlas (WTA) panel of immune cells before and after cryoablation using the spatial transcriptomic landscape.
Integrin α6 and integrin β4 in exosomes promote lung metastasis of colorectal cancer.
J Cancer Res Ther
December 2024
Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, China.
Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common cancers worldwide. The mechanisms underlying metastasis, which contributes to poor outcomes, remain elusive.
Methods: We used the Cancer Genome Atlas dataset to compare mRNA expression patterns of integrin α6 (ITGA6) and integrin β4 (ITGB4) in patients with CRC.
Triptolide exhibits dual anti-tumor effects through inhibiting autophagy and extracellular matrix activation in pancreatic cancer.
J Cancer Res Ther
December 2024
Department of Gastroenterology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
Aim: The tumor microenvironment in pancreatic cancer, characterized by abundant desmoplastic stroma, has been implicated in the failure of chemotherapy. Therefore, developing therapeutic strategies targeting tumor and stromal cells is essential. Triptolide, a natural compound derived from the plant Tripterygium wilfordii, has shown antitumor activity in various cancers, including pancreatic cancer.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDihydroartemisinin ameliorates skeletal muscle atrophy in the lung cancer cachexia mouse model.
J Cancer Res Ther
December 2024
Department of Medical Ultrasound, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China.
Introduction: Cancer cachexia (CC) is characterized by weight loss with specifically reduced skeletal muscles and adipose tissues in patients with late-stage cancer. Dihydroartemisinin (DHA), an effective antimalarial derivative of artemisinin, has been demonstrated to have anti-inflammatory and antitumor properties.
Materials And Methods: This study examined the effects of DHA on the Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC)-induced CC mouse model.
Want AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!