Surgical Approaches to Obstructive Sleep Apnea.

Surgery in adult obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) has undergone significant advancement in recent years and continues to evolve. It is a modality of treatment used in the context of failed device use, specifically, failed continuous positive airway pressure or mandibular advancement splint. In this context, the role of surgery is either as salvage therapy or to facilitate better tolerance of device use. Other treatments such as weight loss, adjuvant nasal therapy (medical ± prephase nasal surgery) and positional devices may be combined with airway surgery. In general, patients with OSA are managed with in-hospital monitoring perioperatively.