Sjögren's syndrome (SS) may be complicated by neurological manifestations. We herein report three women (age range 26-60 years old) who all presented with limbic encephalitis (LE) as the predominant clinical feature 3 months to 15 years after the diagnosis of SS. The 26-year-old patient also developed acute motor axonal neuropathy one week after autoimmune encephalitis. All three patients showed contrast-enhanced MRI lesions and inflammatory cerebrospinal fluid findings, while not displaying any anti-neuronal antibodies and showing a remarkable response to immunotherapy. SS is often overlooked when the symptoms are mild. Therefore, in LE cases with no identifiable cause, serological screening for rheumatologic disorders is recommended.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.2169/internalmedicine.55.6222 | DOI Listing |
Neurol Sci
December 2024
Department of Neurology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510000, China.
We aimed to define the clinical features and outcomes of encephalitis associated with anti-GAD65 Abs. In addition, we reviewed cases published in the literature with GAD65 encephalitis. We retrospectively studied 482 consecutive patients attending a tertiary care center for evaluation of an autoimmune neurological disorder.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCureus
November 2024
Neurology, Park Hospital, Gurgaon, IND.
We report a primigravida 31-year-old female patient hospitalized at 32 gestational weeks with status epilepticus. In due course of illness, she developed refractory status epilepticus managed with induced coma with propofol and emergency early lower section caesarean surgery (LSCS). A battery of initial laboratory and radiological tests did not lead to a definite diagnosis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCureus
December 2024
Neurology, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, USA.
Autoimmune encephalitis is a disorder characterized by an autoantibody-mediated process that leads to brain inflammation. It is associated with neurological symptoms including cognitive issues, psychiatric problems, seizures, and autonomic dysfunctions. Anti-leucine-rich glioma-inactivated 1 limbic encephalitis (anti-LGI1 LE) is a rare type of autoimmune LE with a unique presentation, comprising neuropsychiatric disturbances, sleep disorders, and faciobrachial dystonic seizures (FBDS).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntern Med
December 2024
Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Japan.
An 82-year-old man presented with acute progressive disturbance of consciousness. We suspected autoimmune limbic encephalitis because of abnormal magnetic resonance imaging findings in the bilateral temporal lobes and cerebrospinal fluid pleocytosis. The patient tested positive for anti-Tr/Delta/Notch-like epidermal growth factor-related receptor (DNER) antibodies, and a tissue biopsy revealed complications of anaplastic large cell lymphoma.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEur J Case Rep Intern Med
November 2024
Internal Medicine Department, Hospital Central do Funchal, Funchal, Portugal.
Background: Autoimmune limbic encephalitis (ALE) is a rare inflammatory disorder characterised by a subacute onset, usually within weeks. The presence of multiple neuropsychiatric symptoms such as seizures, short-term memory deficits, anxiety and depression often leads to misdiagnosis as another medical condition, contributing to poor prognosis and reduced long-term survival.
Case Description: A 60-year-old man, with no chronic illnesses, presented at the emergency department with daily episodes of palpitations, shivering, piloerection and a sense of impending doom lasting two months.
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