How infants observe a goal-directed instrumental action provides a unique window into their understanding of others' behavior. In this study, we investigated eye-gaze patterns while infants observed events in which an actor used a tool on an object. Comparisons among 4-, 7-, 10-, and 12-month-old infants and adults reveal changes in infants' looking patterns with age; following an initial face bias, infants' scan path eventually shows a dynamic integration of both the actor's face and the objects on which they act. This shift may mark a transition in infants' understanding of the critical components of tool-use events and their understanding of others' behavior.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jecp.2016.07.004 | DOI Listing |
Neurobiol Dis
January 2025
Institute of Clinical Neuroscience and Medical Psychology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany. Electronic address:
Corticobasal syndrome (CBS) is characterized not only by parkinsonism but also by higher-order cortical dysfunctions, such as apraxia. However, the electrophysiological mechanisms underlying these symptoms remain poorly understood. To explore the pathophysiology of CBS, we recorded magnetoencephalographic (MEG) data from 17 CBS patients and 20 age-matched controls during an observe-to-imitate task.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFVision (Basel)
September 2024
Department of Psychology, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada.
Pantomimes are human actions that simulate ideas, objects, and events, commonly used in conversation, performance art, and gesture-based interfaces for computing and controlling robots. Yet, their underlying neurocognitive mechanisms are not well understood. In this review, we examine pantomimes through two parallel lines of research: (1) the two visual systems (TVS) framework for visually guided action, and (2) the neuropsychological literature on limb apraxia.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGlomerular Dis
May 2024
Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.
PLoS Biol
May 2024
Ape Social Mind Lab, Institut des Sciences Cognitives Marc Jeannerod, UMR5229 CNRS, Lyon, France.
Tool use is considered a driving force behind the evolution of brain expansion and prolonged juvenile dependency in the hominin lineage. However, it remains rare across animals, possibly due to inherent constraints related to manual dexterity and cognitive abilities. In our study, we investigated the ontogeny of tool use in chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes), a species known for its extensive and flexible tool use behavior.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Clin Epidemiol
July 2024
Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.
Objectives: To review the findings of studies that have evaluated the design and/or usability of key risk of bias (RoB) tools for the assessment of RoB in primary studies, as categorized by the Library of Assessment Tools and InsTruments Used to assess Data validity in Evidence Synthesis Network (a searchable library of RoB tools for evidence synthesis): Prediction model Risk Of Bias ASessment Tool (PROBAST) , Risk of Bias-2 (RoB2), Risk Of Bias In Non-randomised Studies of Interventions (ROBINS-I), Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies-2 (QUADAS-2), Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies-Comparative (QUADAS-C), Quality Assessment of Prognostic Accuracy Studies (QUAPAS), Risk Of Bias in Non-randomised Studies of Exposures (ROBINS-E), and the COnsensus-based Standards for the selection of health Measurement INstruments (COSMIN) RoB checklist.
Study Design And Setting: Systematic review of methodological studies. We conducted a forward citation search from the primary report of each tool, to identify primary studies that aimed to evaluate the design and/or usability of the tool.
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