Tissue Reaction to a Novel Bone Substitute Material Fabricated With Biodegradable Polymer-Calcium Phosphate Nanoparticle Composite.

Hideo Shimizu Yohei Jinno Yasunori Ayukawa Ikiru Atsuta Takaaki Arahira Mitsugu Todo Kiyoshi Koyano

Implant Dent

*PhD Candidate, Section of Implant and Rehabilitative Dentistry, Division of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan. †Visiting Professor, Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Odontology, Malmö University, Malmö, Sweden. ‡Lecturer, Section of Implant and Rehabilitative Dentistry, Division of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan. §Assistant Professor, Section of Implant and Rehabilitative Dentistry, Division of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan. ¶Assistant Professor, Section of Bioengineering, Department of Dental Engineering, Fukuoka Dental College, Fukuoka, Japan. ‖Associate Professor, Section of Energy Conversion Engineering, Division of Renewable Energy Dynamics, Research Institute for Applied Mechanics, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan. #Professor, Section of Implant and Rehabilitative Dentistry, Division of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.

Published: October 2016

The study aimed to assess a new bone substitute made from a biodegradable polymer combined with calcium phosphate nanoparticles.
It involved implanting a composite of poly-L-lactic acid (PLLA) and hydroxyapatite (HA) into bone defects in rats, followed by analysis after four weeks to check for new bone growth.
Results showed that the composite had a good pore structure for cell ingrowth and promoted blood vessel formation and new bone development, indicating it could be a promising material for bone repair.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a novel bone substitute material fabricated using a biodegradable polymer-calcium phosphate nanoparticle composite.

Methods: Porous structured poly-L-lactic acid (PLLA) and hydroxyapatite (HA) nanoparticle composite, which was fabricated using solid-liquid phase separation and freeze-drying methods, was grafted into bone defects created in rat calvarium or tibia. Rats were killed 4 weeks after surgery, and histological analyses were performed to evaluate new bone formation.

Results: Scanning electron microscopic observation showed the interconnecting pores within the material and the pore diameter was approximately 100 to 300 μm. HA nanoparticles were observed to be embedded into the PLLA beams. In the calvarial implantation model, abundant blood vessels and fibroblastic cells were observed penetrating into pores, and in the tibia model, newly formed bone was present around and within the composite.

Conclusions: The PLLA-HA nanoparticle composite bone substitute developed in this study showed biocompatibility, elasticity, and operability and thus has potential as a novel bone substitute.

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http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/ID.0000000000000447	DOI Listing

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