The Stem Cell-associated Transcription Factor SOX2 as a Diagnostic Marker of High-grade Squamous Intraepithelial Lesion of the Uterine Cervix in Comparison With p16 and Ki-67. | LitMetric
The transcription factor SOX2 has been identified as an oncogene involved in the pathogenesis of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of multiple sites, including the uterine cervix. The relationship between SOX2 overexpression and the continuum of precancerous lesions of the cervix has not been previously elucidated. We evaluated SOX2 immunohistochemical expression in normal cervix, low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL) (mild squamous dysplasia), high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL) (moderate and severe dysplasia) and SCC of the cervix in comparison with p16 and Ki-67. Staining patterns were scored as negative, basal one third of the epithelium, lower two third, or full thickness. The results showed that SOX2 expression was limited to the basal one third in 84% of LSIL cases, whereas 95% of HSIL showed SOX2 expression up to two third or full thickness (P<0.0001). p16 and Ki-67 displayed similar results. The difference in SOX2 expression between moderate and severe dysplasia was not statistically significant (P=0.53). Invasive SCC positivity was as follows: SOX2 94%; p16 89%; and Ki-67 100%. Our findings support a role for SOX2 in the progression of squamous dysplasia to SCC. The Lower Anogenital Standardization Terminology Project's recent assertion of a lack of a biological correlate to cervical intraepithelial neoplasia II is also upheld by SOX2. For equivocal situations in which a diagnosis of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia II would have been made, Lower Anogenital Standardization Terminology recommends p16, or other biomarkers such as Ki-67 to clarify the diagnosis. SOX2, with a clean nuclear staining pattern, may also be suitable for this role.
Intraepithelial type 1 innate lymphoid cells (ieILC1s) are tissue-resident lymphocytes in the microenvironment of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Here, we evaluate how these cells influence T-cell trafficking to tumors. We generated cytotoxic ieILC1-like cells from natural killer (NK) cells in vitro.
Introduction: High-resolution anoscopy (HRA) to prevent anal cancer is complex and screening capacity is limited. Previously, we showed that DNA methylation analysis of anal high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSIL) biopsies can distinguish between HSIL with an increased cancer risk, and HSIL with a low cancer risk, in which treatment may be safely withheld. Here, we assessed the performance of methylation analysis in anal swabs to identify patients with underlying HSIL with an increased cancer risk.
Virological Diagnostic Laboratory, Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Biomedical Institute, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niteroi, Brazil.
Background: Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection profoundly affects women living with HIV (WLWH). This infection leads to cervical cancer (CC) and increased mortality.
Methods: This study monitored HPV infection in WLWH in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, before (T1) and after (T2) 4 years of vaccination.
Esophageal leiomyoma is the most common benign intramural tumor of the esophagus. Despite being the most common benign tumor in its category, esophageal leiomyomas constitute only 1.2% of all esophageal tumors.
Introduction: The Australian National Cervical Screening Program has mandated management algorithms that are uniform across all age groups, but evidence is emerging that perhaps the risk of high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL) may decrease in the postmenopausal period.
Objective: The aim of the study is to identify whether patients ≥50 years of age referred to a tertiary colposcopy service have a different risk of HSIL or greater (+).
Materials And Methods: This is a retrospective cohort study of 3239 referrals to a hospital colposcopy clinic with a positive human papillomavirus (HPV) cervical screening test between December 2017 and May 2023.
