Unlabelled: Neural stem cells in two neurogenic regions, the subventricular zone and the subgranular zone (SGZ) of the hippocampal dentate gyrus, can divide and produce new neurons throughout life. Hippocampal neurogenesis is related to emotions, including depression/anxiety, and the therapeutic effects of antidepressants, as well as learning and memory. The establishment of in vivo imaging for proliferative activity of neural stem cells in the SGZ might be used to diagnose depression and to monitor the therapeutic efficacy of antidepressants. Positron emission tomography (PET) imaging with 3'-deoxy-3'-[(18)F]fluoro-l-thymidine ([(18)F]FLT) has been studied to allow visualization of proliferative activity in two neurogenic regions of adult mammals; however, the PET imaging has not been widely used because of lower accumulation of [(18)F]FLT, which does not allow quantitative assessment of the decline in cellular proliferative activity in the SGZ under the condition of depression. We report the establishment of an enhanced PET imaging method with [(18)F]FLT combined with probenecid, an inhibitor of drug transporters at the blood-brain barrier, which can allow the quantitative visualization of neurogenic activity in rats. Enhanced PET imaging allowed us to evaluate reduced cell proliferation in the SGZ of rats with corticosterone-induced depression, and further the recovery of proliferative activity in rats under treatment with antidepressants. This enhanced [(18)F]FLT-PET imaging technique with probenecid can be used to assess the dynamic alteration of neurogenic activity in the adult mammalian brain and may also provide a means for objective diagnosis of depression and monitoring of the therapeutic effect of antidepressant treatment.
Significance Statement: Adult hippocampal neurogenesis may play a role in major depression and antidepressant therapy. Establishment of in vivo imaging for hippocampal neurogenic activity may be useful to diagnose depression and monitor the therapeutic efficacy of antidepressants. Positron emission tomography (PET) imaging has been studied to allow visualization of neurogenic activity; however, PET imaging has not been widely used due to the lower accumulation of the PET tracer in the neurogenic regions. Here, we succeeded in establishing highly quantitative PET imaging for neurogenic activity in adult brain with an inhibitor for drug transporter. This enhanced PET imaging allowed evaluation of the decline of neurogenic activity in the hippocampus of rats with depression and the recovery of neurogenic activity by antidepressant treatment.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.0220-16.2016 | DOI Listing |
J Cancer Res Ther
December 2024
Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, China.
Background: Patients with transplant-ineligible relapsed/refractory diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (R/R DLBCL) have limited treatment options and poor outcomes.
Methods: This phase III study (NCT04236141) evaluated the efficacy and safety of polatuzumab vedotin plus bendamustine and rituximab (Pola+BR) versus BR in Chinese patients with transplant-ineligible R/R DLBCL to support regulatory submission in China. Patients were randomized 2:1 to receive Pola+BR or placebo+BR.
EJNMMI Res
January 2025
Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital of Cologne, Kerpener Straße 62, 50937, Cologne, Germany.
Background: In clinical practice, several radiopharmaceuticals are used for PSMA-PET imaging, each with distinct biodistribution patterns. This may impact treatment decisions and outcomes, as eligibility for PSMA-directed radioligand therapy is usually assessed by comparing tumoral uptake to normal liver uptake as a reference. In this study, we aimed to compare tracer uptake intraindividually in various reference regions including liver, parotid gland and spleen as well as the respective tumor-to-background ratios (TBR) of different F-labeled PSMA ligands to today's standard radiopharmaceutical Ga-PSMA-11 in a series of patients with biochemical recurrence of prostate cancer who underwent a dual PSMA-PET examination as part of an individualized diagnostic approach.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEJNMMI Radiopharm Chem
January 2025
Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-Guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
Background: Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) enzymes are crucial for the repair of DNA single-strand breaks and have become key therapeutic targets in homologous recombination-deficient cancers, including prostate cancer. To enable non-invasive monitoring of PARP-1 expression, several PARP-1-targeting positron emission tomography (PET) tracers have been developed. Here, we aimed to preclinically investigate [carbonyl-C]DPQ as an alternative PARP-1 PET tracer as it features a strongly distinct chemotype compared to the frontrunners [F]FluorThanatrace and [F]PARPi.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCurr Rheumatol Rep
January 2025
Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
Purpose Of Review: Psoriatic arthritis (PsA) is a complex heterogeneous inflammatory disease that affects about one-third of patients with psoriasis. PsA leads to significant physical impairment and reduced quality of life. Therefore, early diagnosis and intervention are critical for improving long-term outcomes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRadiol Imaging Cancer
January 2025
From Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio (A.M.); University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pa (E.C.); and Department of Radiology, University Hospitals, 11000 Euclid Ave, Bolwell B2600, Cleveland, OH 44115 (K.B., N.R., S.H.T.).
Prostate cancer is the second most common malignancy among male individuals in the United States and requires careful imaging approaches because of its varied presentations. This review examines prostate cancer imaging guidelines from leading organizations, including the American College of Radiology, American Urological Association, European Association of Urology, American Society of Clinical Oncology, and National Comprehensive Cancer Network, and serves as a reference highlighting commonalities and divergences in current imaging recommendations across prostate cancer states. We outline these organizations and their methods, focusing on their approaches to panel expertise, guideline development, evidence grading, and revision schedules.
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