A discussion of causes of dehumanisation in contemporary medicine and possible methods of preventing this situation. The causes can be divided into external, associated with the influence of the environment of civilisation, and internal, which constitute a form of aunwanted side effects" of the rapid progress of civilisation. The latter include reductionist thinking and axiological neutrality typical of natural sciences, increased import_ance of technology, and excessive specialisation combined with poor coordination of diagnostic work-up and treatment or the lack of such coordination. Possible preventive measures include a change in the model of medical education, consisting for instance in the inclusion of humanistic elements and a more holistic view of the patient, as well as a change in the health care model so that the diagnostic work-up and treatment would be coordinated mainly by the primary health care doctor.
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