One of the major drawbacks of capillary electrophoresis (CE) and other microscale separation techniques, for the analysis of low abundant peptides and proteins in complex samples, are the poor concentration limits of detection. Several strategies have been developed to improve CE sensitivity. Here, we describe an on-line solid-phase extraction capillary electrophoresis mass spectrometry method with a commercial C18 sorbent for clean-up and preconcentration of neuropeptides from highly diluted biological samples.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-4014-1_6 | DOI Listing |
J Pharm Anal
December 2024
Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-416 Gdansk, Poland.
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are a part of a cell-to-cell communication system of prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms. Their ability to penetrate biological barriers and to transfer molecules between cells shows their potential as a novel class of drug delivery platform. However, because of the great heterogeneity of EVs and the complexity of biological matrices from which they are typically isolated, reliable quality control procedures need to be established to ensure their safety for medical use.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBrain Commun
January 2025
Neurogenetics Department, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia 2371, Cyprus.
Dominantly inherited intronic GAA repeat expansions in the fibroblast growth factor 14 gene have recently been shown to cause spinocerebellar ataxia 27B. Currently, the pathogenic threshold of (GAA) repeat units is considered highly penetrant, while (GAA) is likely pathogenic with reduced penetrance. This study investigated the frequency of the GAA repeat expansion and the phenotypic profile in a Cypriot cohort with unresolved late-onset cerebellar ataxia.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFElectrophoresis
January 2025
Institute for Infectious Diseases, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
Computer simulation was utilized to characterize the electrophoretic processes occurring during the enantioselective capillary electrophoresis-mass spectrometry (CE-MS) analysis of ketamine, norketamine, and hydroxynorketamine in a system with partial filling of the capillary with 19 mM (equals 5%) of highly sulfated γ-cyclodextrin (HS-γ-CD) and analyte detection on the cathodic side. Provided that the sample is applied without or with a small amount of the chiral selector, analytes become quickly focused and separated in the thereby formed HS-γ-CD gradient at the cathodic end of the sample compartment. This gradient broadens with time, remains stationary, and gradually reduces its span from the lower side due to diffusion such that analytes with high affinity to the anionic selector become released onto the other side of the focusing gradient where anionic migration and defocusing occur concomitantly.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnal Chim Acta
February 2025
Department of Chemical Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wroclaw, Joliot-Curie 14a, 50-383, Wrocław, Poland. Electronic address:
Background: Mammalian metallothioneins (MTs) play a crucial role in maintaining Zn(II) and Cu(I) homeostasis, as well as regulating the cellular redox potential. They are involved in cancer resistance to cisplatin-related drugs and the sequestration of toxic metal ions. To investigate their participation in specific physiological and pathological processes, it is imperative to develop an analytical method for measuring changes in protein concentration both in vitro and in vivo.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnal Chim Acta
February 2025
Department of Hygiene, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Ruská 87, 100 00, Prague 10, Czech Republic. Electronic address:
The review focuses on the design of detection cells, the use of microcontrollers for processing and evaluation of the detection signal, and the development of multi-detection systems for electromigration, liquid chromatography, flow-through and microfluidic techniques. A separate section is the introduction of modern 3D printing techniques and the use of new printing materials for the design of multidetection systems. In addition to traditional utilisation in separation techniques, new versions of contactless conductivity detectors are finding applications in FIA, SIA, portable and paper based analytical systems or as independent sensors.
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