Ultrafast strong-field ionization is shown to be accompanied by atypical multiwave mixing with the number of mixed waves defined by the dependence of the ionization rate on the field strength. For two-color laser pulses of various frequency ratios, this results in the excitation of a free-electron current at laser combination frequencies and possibly in the excitation of the zero-frequency (residual) current responsible for terahertz (THz) generation in a formed plasma. The high-order nature of ionization-induced wave mixing may cause THz generation with uncommon laser frequency ratios (such as 2:3 and 3:4) to be virtually as effective as that with the commonly used frequency ratio of 1:2.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.117.035003 | DOI Listing |
JAMA Netw Open
January 2025
Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
Importance: Disease characteristics of genetically mediated coronary artery disease (CAD) on coronary angiography and the association of genomic risk with outcomes after coronary angiography are not well understood.
Objective: To assess the angiographic characteristics and risk of post-coronary angiography outcomes of patients with genomic drivers of CAD: familial hypercholesterolemia (FH), high polygenic risk score (PRS), and clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential (CHIP).
Design, Setting, And Participants: A retrospective cohort study of 3518 Mass General Brigham Biobank participants with genomic information who underwent coronary angiography was conducted between July 18, 2000, and August 1, 2023.
JAMA Netw Open
January 2025
Department of Family Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Importance: There is limited evidence regarding the association between age at menopause and incident type 2 diabetes (T2D).
Objective: To investigate whether age at menopause and premature menopause are associated with T2D incidence in postmenopausal Korean women.
Design, Setting, And Participants: This population-based cohort study was conducted among a nationally representative sample from the Korean National Health Insurance Service database of 1 125 378 postmenopausal women without T2D who enrolled in 2009.
JAMA Pediatr
January 2025
Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
Importance: Spontaneous reports have indicated that montelukast increases the risk of neuropsychiatric adverse events, and the US Food and Drug Administration added a boxed warning about these risks in 2020. However, the potential mechanism is not well understood, and the observational evidence is scarce, particularly in children.
Objective: To assess the potential association between the use of montelukast and the risk of neuropsychiatric adverse events in children and adolescents.
Background: Molnupiravir (MOV) is an orally bioavailable ribonucleoside with antiviral activity against all tested SARS-CoV-2 variants. We describe the demographic, clinical, and treatment characteristics of non-hospitalized Danish patients treated with MOV and their clinical outcomes following MOV initiation.
Method: Among all adults (>18 years) who received MOV between 16 December 2021 and 30 April 2022 in an outpatient setting in Denmark, we summarized their demographic and clinical characteristics at baseline and post-MOV outcomes using descriptive statistics.
JAMA Intern Med
January 2025
Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark.
Importance: No large randomized clinical trial has directly compared empagliflozin with dapagliflozin, leaving their comparative effectiveness regarding kidney outcomes unknown.
Objective: To compare kidney outcomes between initiation of empagliflozin vs dapagliflozin in adults with type 2 diabetes who were receiving antihyperglycemic treatment.
Design, Setting, And Participants: This target trial emulation used nationwide, population-based routinely collected Danish health care data to compare initiation of empagliflozin vs dapagliflozin in adults with type 2 diabetes who received antihyperglycemic treatment between June 1, 2014, and October 31, 2020.
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