Obesity is a growing public health problem and affects 35% US adults. Obesity increases the risk of many cancer types and is associated with poor outcomes. Clinical management of cancer patients has been essentially the same between normal weight and obese individuals. Understanding causal mechanisms by which obesity drives cancer initiation and progression is essential for the development of novel precision therapy for obese cancer patients. One caveat is that various mechanisms have been proposed for different cancer types for their progression under obesity. Since obesity is known to have global impact on inflammation, here we will summarize recent literature and discuss the potential of inflammation being the common causal mechanism to promote cancer promotion across cancer types.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.coph.2016.07.005 | DOI Listing |
Elife
January 2025
Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
Cigarette smoking is a well-known risk factor inducing the development and progression of various diseases. Nicotine (NIC) is the major constituent of cigarette smoke. However, knowledge of the mechanism underlying the NIC-regulated stem cell functions is limited.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCancer Immunol Immunother
January 2025
Oncology Unit, Macerata Hospital, Macerata, Italy.
Introduction: Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is one of the most common types of urogenital cancer. The introduction of immune-based combinations, including dual immune-checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) or ICI plus tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), has radically changed the treatment landscape for metastatic RCC, showing varying efficacy across different prognostic groups based on the International Metastatic RCC Database Consortium (IMDC) criteria.
Materials And Methods: This retrospective multicenter study, part of the ARON-1 project, aimed to evaluate the outcomes of favorable-risk metastatic RCC patients treated with immune-based combinations or sunitinib.
Bull Math Biol
January 2025
Department of Theoretical Biology, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Biology, August-Thienemann-Str. 2, Plön, 24306, Germany.
Linear compartmental models are often employed to capture the change in cell type composition of cancer cell populations. Yet, these populations usually grow in a nonlinear fashion. This begs the question of how linear compartmental models can successfully describe the dynamics of cell types.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCancer Immunol Immunother
January 2025
Division of Oncology, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, and Lund University Cancer Center, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
Tertiary lymphoid structures (TLS) in the tumor microenvironment are prognostically beneficial in many solid cancer types. Reports on TLS in high-grade serous tubo-ovarian carcinoma (HGSC) are few, and the prognostic impact is unclear. We investigated mature TLS (mTLS), immature TLS (iTLS) and lymphoid aggregates (LA) in primary adnexal tumors (PTs) and synchronous omental/peritoneal metastases (pMets) of HGSC.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCancer Immunol Immunother
January 2025
Prostate Cancer Research Center, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University and Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland.
The tumor immune microenvironment (TiME) of human central nervous system (CNS) tumors remains to be comprehensively deciphered. Here, we employed flow cytometry and RNA sequencing analysis for a deep data-driven dissection of a diverse TiME and to uncover noncanonical immune cell types in human CNS tumors by using seven tumors from five patients. Myeloid subsets comprised classical microglia, monocyte-derived macrophages, neutrophils, and two noncanonical myeloid subsets: CD3 myeloids and CD19 myeloids.
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