Appetite
Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Liverpool, Eleanor Rathbone Building, Bedford Street South, Liverpool, L69 7ZA, United Kingdom.
Published: December 2016
Two studies explored the differences in tastant (salt, sour, bitter, sweet and spicy) concentration preference between recreational drug users and abstainers. In study 1, 250 opportunistically recruited abstainers, cannabis only users and multiple-drug users completed psychometric questionnaires and a concentration preference tastant test. In study 2, 76 participants purposefully recruited abstainers, daily tobacco users, recreational cannabis users and daily cannabis users completed the same protocol as study 1. Study 1 demonstrated that both multiple drug users and cannabis users had a higher preference for salt and sour tastants than abstainers. Study 2 showed that daily cannabis and tobacco users had a higher preference for sweet and spicy tastants than recreational cannabis users and abstainers. As predicted, recreational drug users scored higher on both sensation-seeking and impulsivity compared to abstainers. Participants who habitually smoke tobacco or cannabis daily have different concentration preference for specific tastants. The aim of the current study was to provide an explanation for the inconsistency in published results on taste preferences in recreational drug users. The data offered in this paper indicate that variation in recruitment strategy, definition of 'drug users', and mode of drug delivery, as well as multiple drug use, may explain the preference for stronger tastants in habitual drug users. Future research exploring the psychobiological underpinnings of the impact of drug use on food preferences should carefully define recreational drug user groups.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2016.07.016 | DOI Listing |
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School of Medical Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China.
Miniaturized mass spectrometers offer significant potential for in situ analysis due to their high specificity and portability. In traditional data-dependent acquisition (DDA) mode, precursor ions for tandem analysis are selected based on the full-scan mass spectrum. However, in situ applications often require the direct analysis of complex samples without extensive sample pretreatment, making them susceptible to chemical noise that can result in false negatives.
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Department of Social Sciences and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, 27 Wybrzeze Wyspianskiego Street, 50370 Wroclaw, Poland.
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Department of Psychology, Washington State University Vancouver, Vancouver, WA, USA.
Recent research on the potential therapeutic value of psychedelic substances has led to changes in media representation and drug policy in some U.S. states.
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Laboratorio de Neurobiología, División de Biología Molecular, Instituto Potosino de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica (IPICYT), San Luis Potosí, Mexico. Electronic address:
Ketamine hydrochloride serves multiple purposes, including its use as a general anesthetic, treatment for depression, and recreational drug. In studies involving rodents, ketamine is utilized as a model for schizophrenia. However, it is unclear whether age affects the behavioral response induced by repeated ketamine administration and if it modifies the expression levels of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) and α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA) and purinergic receptors (P2X1, P2X4, P2X7).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Drug Policy
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School of Kinesiology and Health Science, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Electronic address:
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