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Influence of orally fed a select mixture of Bacillus probiotics on intestinal T-cell migration in weaned MUC4 resistant pigs following Escherichia coli challenge. | LitMetric

AI Article Synopsis

  • Efficient treatment strategies for enteritis in MUC4 RR pigs caused by specific E. coli strains remain challenging, with a study exploring the effects of Bacillus spore mixtures.
  • Oral administration of Bacillus licheniformis and Bacillus subtilis increased immune responses in the small intestine, enhancing the expression of key mRNAs linked to inflammation and immunity.
  • The findings suggest that while the probiotic BLS-mix can mitigate E. coli-induced enteritis by supporting intestinal barrier integrity and immune regulation, it may also contribute to inflammation in already inflamed intestines.

Article Abstract

Efficient strategies for treating enteritis caused by F4(+) enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC)/verocytotoxigenic Escherichia coli (VTEC)/enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC) in mucin 4 resistant (MUC4 RR; supposed to be F4ab/ac receptor-negative [F4ab/acR(-)]) pigs remain elusive. A low (3.9 × 10(8) CFU/day) or high (7.8 × 10(8) CFU/day) dose of Bacillus licheniformis and Bacillus subtilis spore mixture (BLS-mix) was orally administered to MUC4 RR piglets for 1 week before F4(+) ETEC/VTEC/EPEC challenge. Orally fed BLS-mix upregulated the expression of TLR4, NOD2, iNOS, IL-8, and IL-22 mRNAs in the small intestine of pigs challenged with E. coli. Expression of chemokine CCL28 and its receptor CCR10 mRNAs was upregulated in the jejunum of pigs pretreated with high-dose BLS-mix. Low-dose BLS-mix pretreatment induced an increase in the proportion of peripheral blood CD4(-)CD8(-) T-cell subpopulations and high-dose BLS-mix induced the expansion of CD4(-)CD8(-) T cells in the inflamed intestine. Immunostaining revealed that considerable IL-7Rα-expressing cells accumulated at the lamina propria of the inflamed intestines after E. coli challenge, even in pigs pretreated with either low- or high-dose BLS-mix, although Western blot analysis of IL-7Rα expression in the intestinal mucosa did not show any change. Our data indicate that oral administration of the probiotic BLS-mix partially ameliorates E. coli-induced enteritis through facilitating upregulation of intestinal IL-22 and IκBα expression, and preventing loss of intestinal epithelial barrier integrity via elevating ZO-1 expression. However, IL-22 also elicits an inflammatory response in inflamed intestines as a result of infection with enteropathogenic bacteria.

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Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4947265PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13567-016-0355-8DOI Listing

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