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Background: Present knowledge on the impact of varicoceles on testicular function is largely based on studies of subfertile and infertile men, making it difficult to extrapolate the impact of varicocele on the general population.
Objective: To describe associations between varicocele and testicular function assessed by semen analysis and reproductive hormones in men from the general population.
Design, Setting, And Participants: A cross-sectional multicentre study of 7035 young men, median age 19 yr, from the general population in six European countries (Denmark, Finland, Germany, Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania) were investigated from 1996 to 2010.
Outcome Measurements And Statistical Analysis: We analysed results from physical examination, conventional semen variables, and serum reproductive hormones using multivariable regression analyses.
Results And Limitations: A total of 1102 (15.7%) had grade 1-3 varicocele. Increasing varicocele grade was associated with poorer semen quality, even in grade 1 varicocele. In grade 3 varicocele, sperm concentration was less than half of that in men with no varicocele. Presence of varicocele was also associated with higher serum levels of follicle-stimulating hormone, lower inhibin B, and higher levels of luteinising hormone; testosterone and free testosterone were not significantly different between men with and without varicocele. This study cannot draw a conclusion on the progressiveness of varicocele or the effect of treatment.
Conclusions: We demonstrated an adverse effect of increasing grade of varicocele on testicular function in men not selected due to fertility status.
Patient Summary: The presence and increasing grade of varicocele is adversely associated with semen quality and reproductive hormone levels in young men from the general population.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eururo.2016.06.044 | DOI Listing |
Andrology
November 2024
Desai Sethi Urology Institute, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA.
Background: Varicocele, a common vascular abnormality surrounding the testis, is known to be associated with impaired semen parameters and male infertility in adults. However, its impact on the adolescent and young adult (AYA) population is less well known.
Objectives: The study aimed to assess the improvement in sperm parameters following varicocelectomy in the AYA population, comparing them to matched adult counterparts, and investigating potential advantages of early intervention.
JMIR Form Res
October 2024
Department of Urology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States.
Andrology
October 2024
Department of Urology, Selcuk University School of Medicine, Konya, Turkey.
Background: Varicocoele is a correctable cause of male infertility. Although physical examination is still being used in diagnosis and grading, it gives conflicting results when compared to ultrasonography-based varicocoele grading.
Objectives: We aimed to develop a multi-class machine learning model for the grading of varicocoeles based on ultrasonographic measurements.
Int J Surg Case Rep
November 2024
Department of Surgery, Surgery Research Center, School of Medicine, Rasool-E Akram Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Cureus
August 2024
General Surgery, Dr. D. Y. Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, Dr. D. Y. Patil Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Pune, IND.
Background Varicocele, characterised by the abnormal dilation of the pampiniform plexus of scrotal veins, is a prevalent and treatable cause contributing to male infertility, affecting 40% of men experiencing primary infertility and 80% of those with secondary infertility. Often asymptomatic, it can lead to chronic scrotal pain or a feeling of heaviness. Surgical interventions such as open, laparoscopic, or microsurgical varicocelectomy aim to eliminate venous reflux into the scrotum.
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