A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: file_get_contents(https://...@gmail.com&api_key=61f08fa0b96a73de8c900d749fcb997acc09): Failed to open stream: HTTP request failed! HTTP/1.1 429 Too Many Requests

Filename: helpers/my_audit_helper.php

Line Number: 143

Backtrace:

File: /var/www/html/application/helpers/my_audit_helper.php
Line: 143
Function: file_get_contents

File: /var/www/html/application/helpers/my_audit_helper.php
Line: 209
Function: simplexml_load_file_from_url

File: /var/www/html/application/helpers/my_audit_helper.php
Line: 994
Function: getPubMedXML

File: /var/www/html/application/helpers/my_audit_helper.php
Line: 3134
Function: GetPubMedArticleOutput_2016

File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 574
Function: pubMedSearch_Global

File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 488
Function: pubMedGetRelatedKeyword

File: /var/www/html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once

Racial and Ethnic Differences in Breastfeeding. | LitMetric

Racial and Ethnic Differences in Breastfeeding.

Pediatrics

NorthShore University HealthSystem Department of Pediatrics and Research Institute, Evanston, Illinois; Department of Pediatrics, University of Chicago, Pritzker School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois.

Published: August 2016

AI Article Synopsis

  • The study investigates the differences in breastfeeding rates among various racial/ethnic groups in the U.S. and looks at factors like demographics, hospital infant formula use, and family history of breastfeeding as possible reasons for these disparities.
  • Analyzing data from over 1600 participants, the research found that Spanish-speaking Hispanic mothers had the highest rates of breastfeeding initiation and duration, while Black mothers had the lowest.
  • The findings suggest that demographic factors and hospital practices can significantly influence breastfeeding outcomes, prompting recommendations for hospitals and policymakers to focus on reducing formula use in hospitals and considering family breastfeeding history.

Article Abstract

Objectives: Breastfeeding rates differ among racial/ethnic groups in the United States. Our aim was to test whether racial/ethnic disparities in demographic characteristics, hospital use of infant formula, and family history of breastfeeding mediated racial/ethnic gaps in breastfeeding outcomes.

Methods: We analyzed data from the Community and Child Health Network study (N = 1636). Breastfeeding initiation, postnatal intent to breastfeed, and breastfeeding duration were assessed postpartum. Hierarchical linear modeling was used to estimate relative odds of breastfeeding initiation, postnatal intent, and duration among racial/ethnic groups and to test the candidate mediators of maternal age, income, household composition, employment, marital status, postpartum depression, preterm birth, smoking, belief that "breast is best," family history of breastfeeding, in-hospital formula introduction, and WIC participation.

Results: Spanish-speaking Hispanic mothers were most likely to initiate (91%), intend (92%), and maintain (mean duration, 17.1 weeks) breastfeeding, followed by English-speaking Hispanic mothers (initiation 90%, intent 88%; mean duration, 10.4 weeks) and white mothers (initiation 78%, intent 77%; mean duration, 16.5 weeks); black mothers were least likely to initiate (61%), intend (57%), and maintain breastfeeding (mean duration, 6.4 weeks). Demographic variables fully mediated disparities between black and white mothers in intent and initiation, whereas demographic characteristics and in-hospital formula feeding fully mediated breastfeeding duration. Family breastfeeding history and demographic characteristics helped explain the higher breastfeeding rates of Hispanic mothers relative to white and black mothers.

Conclusions: Hospitals and policy makers should limit in-hospital formula feeding and consider family history of breastfeeding and demographic characteristics to reduce racial/ethnic breastfeeding disparities.

Download full-text PDF

Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4960721PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.2015-2388DOI Listing

Publication Analysis

Top Keywords

demographic characteristics
16
breastfeeding
15
family history
12
history breastfeeding
12
breastfeeding duration
12
in-hospital formula
12
hispanic mothers
12
breastfeeding rates
8
racial/ethnic groups
8
breastfeeding initiation
8

Similar Publications

Want AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?

Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Notice

Message: fwrite(): Write of 34 bytes failed with errno=28 No space left on device

Filename: drivers/Session_files_driver.php

Line Number: 272

Backtrace:

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: session_write_close(): Failed to write session data using user defined save handler. (session.save_path: /var/lib/php/sessions)

Filename: Unknown

Line Number: 0

Backtrace: