The nasal route is commonly used for local delivery of drugs to treat inflammatory conditions. It is also an attractive route for systemic delivery of some drugs. Irrespective of intended use, administered drugs must permeate the epithelial or olfactory membrane to be effective. The enthusiasm for potential use of the nasal route for systemic drug delivery has not been met by comparable success. In this paper, the anatomical and physiological attributes of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses important for drug delivery and challenges limiting drug absorption are discussed. Efforts made so far in improving nasal drug absorption such as overcoming restrictive nasal geometry and paranasal sinuses accessibility, mucociliary clearance, absorption barriers, metabolism and drug physicochemical challenges are discussed. Highlights on future prospects of nasal drug delivery/absorption were discussed.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://dx.doi.org/10.4155/tde-2016-0022 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
The different response of PM stimulated nasal epithelial spheroids in control, asthma and COPD groups.
Respir Res
January 2025
Department of Internal Medicine, Pulmonary Diseases and Allergy, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1a, Warsaw, 02-097, Poland.
Background: Pathobiology of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is associated with changes among respiratory epithelium structure and function. Increased levels of PM from urban particulate matter (UPM) are correlated with enlarged rate of asthma and COPD morbidity as well as acute disease exacerbation. It has been suggested that pre-existing pulmonary obstructive diseases predispose epithelium for different biological response than in healthy airways.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRevolutionizing Parkinson's treatment: Harnessing the potential of intranasal nanoemulsions for targeted therapy.
Drug Deliv Transl Res
January 2025
Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, 136119, Haryana, India.
Parkinson's disease (PD) is the most prominent and highly prevalent chronic neuro-degenerative disease generally recognized by classical motor symptoms which are linked with genetic mutation, Lewy bodies, and subsequently selective loss of nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurons. The blood-brain barrier (BBB) and blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier protect the central nervous system against toxins and are the most significant barriers to effective brain drug delivery in managing Parkinsonism. In recent years, intranasal delivery has attracted remarkable attention for brain targeting as the drug can be administered to the brain directly from the nose employing the trigeminal and olfactory pathways.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAdvancements in nose-to-brain drug targeting for Alzheimer's disease: a review of nanocarriers and clinical insights.
Inflammopharmacology
January 2025
Department of Pharmaceutics, ISF College of Pharmacy, GT Road, Moga, 142001, Punjab, India.
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a type of neurodegenerative disease that describes cognitive decline and memory loss resulting in disability in movement, memory, speech etc. Which first affects the hippocampal and entorhinal cortex regions of brain. Pathogenesis of AD depends on Amyloid-β, hyper-phosphorylation of tau protein, mitochondrial dysfunction, cholinergic hypothesis and oxidative stress.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOral and intranasal aspirin desensitisation for non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID)-exacerbated respiratory disease.
Cochrane Database Syst Rev
January 2025
Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
Background: NSAID-exacerbated respiratory disease (N-ERD) is a hypersensitivity to non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), such as aspirin or ibuprofen, accompanied by chronic rhinosinusitis (with or without nasal polyps) or asthma. The prevalence of hypersensitivity to NSAIDs is estimated to be 2%. The first line of treatment is the avoidance of NSAIDs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInsurance coverage and consistent pricing is needed for over-the-counter naloxone.
J Opioid Manag
January 2025
Division of Pharmaceutical Outcomes and Policy, University of North Carolina Eshelman School of Pharmacy, Chapel Hill; South East Area Health Education Center, College of Nursing, University of North Carolina Wilmington, Wilmington, North Carolina. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7507-0631.
With the Food and Drug Administration's approval of the first over-the-counter naloxone nasal spray in 2023, it was expected that access to naloxone nasal spray would increase and that its cost would be reduced. However, the writers of this commentary found varying insurance coverage of naloxone during purchase attempts at local pharmacies. Failure to cover naloxone can reduce access and increase risk of overdose death.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!