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Microsimulation Estimates of Decision Uncertainty and Value of Information Are Biased but Consistent.
Med Decis Making
December 2024
Department of Health Policy, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
Purpose: Individual-level state-transition microsimulations (iSTMs) have proliferated for economic evaluations in place of cohort state transition models (cSTMs). Probabilistic economic evaluations quantify decision uncertainty and value of information (VOI). Previous studies show that iSTMs provide unbiased estimates of expected incremental net monetary benefits (EINMB), but statistical properties of iSTM-produced estimates of decision uncertainty and VOI remain uncharacterized.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDiagnostic Value of RDW-Albumin Ratio for the Prediction of Mortality in Sepsis Associated Nonthyroidal Illness Syndrome Patients: A Retrospective Cohort Study.
J Inflamm Res
December 2024
The Department of Emergency, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
Background: The correlation between RAR is linked to negative outcomes in sepsis, but it remains uncertain if RAR is connected to prognosis in patients with sepsis-related NTIS. So we investigated it in this study.
Methods: Patients with sepsis-associated NTIS admitted to Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, between March 2013 and April 2017 were included in the study.
Whether temporal discounting is domain-specific between health outcomes and money: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Int J Clin Pharm
December 2024
School of International Pharmaceutical Business, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 639 Longmian Road, Jiangning District, Nanjing, 211198, Jiangsu, China.
Background: Temporal discounting, the preference for immediate over delayed rewards, affects decision-making in domains like health and finance. Understanding the differences in how people discount health outcomes compared to monetary rewards is crucial to shaping health policy and technology assessments.
Aim: This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to compare temporal discounting parameters between health outcomes and monetary rewards and evaluate their overall relationship.
Acceptability, Feasibility, and Effectiveness of Concurrent High-Definition Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation and Cue Exposure in Cannabis Use Disorder: A Pilot Double-Blind Randomized Controlled Trial.
J ECT
December 2024
From the Department of Psychiatry, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India.
Objectives: We studied the acceptability, feasibility, tolerability, and preliminary effectiveness of combined cue exposure and anodal high-definition transcranial direct current stimulation (HD-tDCS) on the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) on cannabis craving in cannabis use disorder (CUD).
Methods: We randomly assigned 48 participants equally in 4 groups: A, tDCS and cannabis cue exposure; B, tDCS and neutral image; C, sham tDCS and cue exposure; and D, sham tDCS and neutral image. The images were validated by Delphi consensus.
Incentives, Health, and Retirement: Evidence From a Finnish Pension Reform.
Health Econ
December 2024
University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
This paper examines, using exogenous variation generated by a Finnish pension reform implemented in 2005, the interplay between health and financial incentives to postpone retirement. Based on detailed administrative data on individual health and retirement behavior, we focus on whether individual reactions to incentives vary according to health status and analyze whether individuals with ill health are also able to take advantage of the potential monetary benefits of delayed retirement created by the reform. We find that on average, individuals react to the financial incentives created by the reform as expected.
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