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Distinct Behavioral Profiles and Neuronal Correlates of Heroin Vulnerability Versus Resiliency in a Multi-Symptomatic Model of Heroin Use Disorder in Rats.
Am J Psychiatry
January 2025
Department of Neuroscience, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston (Kuhn, Crow, Walterhouse, Chalhoub, Dereschewitz, Roberts, Kalivas); School of Pharmacy, Center for Neuroscience, Pharmacology Unit, University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy (Cannella, Lunerti, Ciccocioppo); Interdisciplinary Ph.D. Program in Biostatistics (Gupta) and Department of Biomedical Informatics (Gupta, Allen, Chung), and Pelotonia Institute for Immuno-Oncology, James Comprehensive Cancer Center, Ohio State University, Columbus (Gupta, Allen, Chung); Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC (Cockerham, Beeson, Solberg Woods); Department of Psychology, Jacksonville State University, Jacksonville, AL (Nall); Institute for Genomic Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla (Palmer); School of Biological Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland (Hardiman).
Objective: The behavioral and diagnostic heterogeneity within the opioid use disorder (OUD) diagnosis is not readily captured in current animal models, limiting the translational relevance of the mechanistic research that is conducted in experimental animals. The authors hypothesized that a nonlinear clustering of OUD-like behavioral traits would capture population heterogeneity and yield subpopulations of OUD vulnerable rats with distinct behavioral and neurocircuit profiles.
Methods: Over 900 male and female heterogeneous stock rats, a line capturing genetic and behavioral heterogeneity present in humans, were assessed for several measures of heroin use and rewarded and non-rewarded seeking behaviors.
Emergence of categorical representations in parietal and ventromedial prefrontal cortex across extended training.
J Neurosci
January 2025
South China Normal University, Center for Studies of Psychological Application; School of Psychology; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science; Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Sciences, Ministry of Education
Article Synopsis
- The study investigates how neural representations involved in learning categories evolve as individuals gain experience through a prototype learning task.
- It finds that while activity in brain regions tied to habitual learning remains stable, regions related to goal-directed learning decrease in activation over time, indicating a shift in processing.
- Advanced training enhances the ability to decode category information in the intraparietal sulcus and develops category representations in the motor cortex and ventromedial prefrontal cortex, reflecting improved decision-making and memory for category structures.
Update on the connectivity of the paraventricular nucleus of the thalamus and its position within limbic corticostriatal circuits.
Neurosci Biobehav Rev
December 2024
Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3E 0W2, Canada. Electronic address:
The paraventricular nucleus of the thalamus (PVT) is generating interest because evidence establishes a role for this midline thalamic nucleus in behavior. Early tracing studies demonstrated that afferent fibers from the PVT and limbic cortex converge with dopamine fibers within subcompartments of the ventral striatum. Subsequent tracing studies expanded on these observations by establishing that the PVT provides a dense projection to a continuum of striatal-like regions that include the nucleus accumbens and the extended amygdala.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSpatially integrated cortico-subcortical tracing data for analyses of rodent brain topographical organization.
Sci Data
November 2024
Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
The cerebral cortex extends axonal projections to several subcortical brain regions, including the striatum, thalamus, superior colliculus, and pontine nuclei. Experimental tract-tracing studies have shown that these subcortical projections are topographically organized, reflecting the spatial organization of sensory surfaces and body parts. Several public collections of mouse- and rat- brain tract-tracing data are available, with the Allen mouse brain connectivity atlas being most prominent.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: The behavioral and diagnostic heterogeneity within human opioid use disorder (OUD) diagnosis is not readily captured in current animal models, limiting translational relevance of the mechanistic research that is conducted in experimental animals. We hypothesize that a non-linear clustering of OUD-like behavioral traits will capture population heterogeneity and yield subpopulations of OUD vulnerable rats with distinct behavioral and neurocircuit profiles.
Methods: Over 900 male and female heterogeneous stock rats, a line capturing genetic and behavioral heterogeneity present in humans, were assessed for several measures of heroin use and rewarded and non-rewarded seeking behaviors.
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