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Nutrition Users' Guides: RCTs Part 2 - structured guide for interpreting and applying study results from randomised controlled trials on therapy or prevention questions.
BMJ Nutr Prev Health
August 2024
Department of Nutrition, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA.
This article continues from a prior commentary on evaluating the risk of bias in randomised controlled trials addressing nutritional interventions. Having provided a synopsis of the risk of bias issues, we now address how to understand trial results, including the interpretation of best estimates of effect and the corresponding precision (eg, 95% CIs), as well as the applicability of the evidence to patients based on their unique circumstances (eg, patients' values and preferences when trading off potential desirable and undesirable health outcomes and indicators (eg, cholesterol), and the potential burden and cost of an intervention). Authors can express the estimates of effect for health outcomes and indicators in relative terms (relative risks, relative risk reductions, OR or HRs)-measures that are generally consistent across populations-and absolute terms (risk differences)-measures that are more intuitive to clinicians and patients.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIs there a mental health diagnostic crisis in primary care? Current research practices in global mental health cannot answer that question.
Epidemiol Psychiatr Sci
January 2025
Health Service and Population Research Department, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, Center for Global Mental Health, King's College London, London, UK.
In low- and middle-income countries, fewer than 1 in 10 people with mental health conditions are estimated to be accurately diagnosed in primary care. This is despite more than 90 countries providing mental health training for primary healthcare workers in the past two decades. The lack of accurate diagnoses is a major bottleneck to reducing the global mental health treatment gap.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFImplementing Internet-Delivered Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Depression and Anxiety in Adults: Systematic Review.
J Med Internet Res
January 2025
Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
Background: Scientific implementation findings relevant to the implementation of internet-delivered cognitive behavioral therapy (iCBT) for depression and anxiety in adults remain sparse and scattered across different sources of published information. Identifying evidence-based factors that influence the implementation of iCBT is key to successfully using iCBT in real-world clinical settings.
Objective: This systematic review evaluated the following: (1) aspects that research articles postulate as important for the implementation of iCBT and (2) aspects relevant to the day-to-day running of iCBT services.
Invisible Monitoring for Athlete Health and Performance: A Call for a Better Conceptualization and Practical Recommendations.
Int J Sports Physiol Perform
January 2025
Department of Sport and Physical Activity, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Edge Hill University, Ormskirk, United Kingdom.
Background: Practices to routinely monitor athletes are rapidly changing. With the concurrent exponential rise in wearable technologies and advanced data analysis, tracking training exposures and responses is widespread and more frequent in the athlete-coach decision-making process. Within this scenario, the concept of invisible monitoring emerged, which was initially vaguely defined as testing athletes without testing them.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEducation Research: Making a Tweetorial Fly: Features of Educational Social Media Posts Associated With High Sharing and Engagement.
Neurol Educ
December 2024
From the Departments of Neurology and Neurosurgery (C.S.W.A., E.C.L.), Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA; Division of Biostatistics (T.M.), Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA; Department of Neurology (G.F.P.), University of Pittsburgh, PA; Department of Neurology (A.S.Z.), Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY; Emory University School of Medicine (N.D.), Atlanta, GA; Consulting Web Developer (S.M.), Scotland; Department of Neurology (A.S.), Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC; Departments of Neurology and Neurosurgery (N.S.D), Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY; Department of Neurology (A.L.B.), University of California, San Francisco; Department of Neurology (N.A.M.), University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; and Department of Neurology (L.K.J.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN.
Background And Objectives: Social media platforms such as X (formerly Twitter) are increasingly used in medical education. Characteristics of tweetorials (threaded teaching posts) associated with higher degrees of engagement are unknown. We sought to understand features of neurology-themed tweetorials associated with high sharing and engagement.
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