Severity: Warning
Message: file_get_contents(https://...@gmail.com&api_key=61f08fa0b96a73de8c900d749fcb997acc09): Failed to open stream: HTTP request failed! HTTP/1.1 429 Too Many Requests
Filename: helpers/my_audit_helper.php
Line Number: 143
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/html/application/helpers/my_audit_helper.php
Line: 143
Function: file_get_contents
File: /var/www/html/application/helpers/my_audit_helper.php
Line: 209
Function: simplexml_load_file_from_url
File: /var/www/html/application/helpers/my_audit_helper.php
Line: 3098
Function: getPubMedXML
File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 574
Function: pubMedSearch_Global
File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 488
Function: pubMedGetRelatedKeyword
File: /var/www/html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once
Severity: Warning
Message: Attempt to read property "Count" on bool
Filename: helpers/my_audit_helper.php
Line Number: 3100
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/html/application/helpers/my_audit_helper.php
Line: 3100
Function: _error_handler
File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 574
Function: pubMedSearch_Global
File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 488
Function: pubMedGetRelatedKeyword
File: /var/www/html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once
MicroRNA-21 (miR-21) expression in glioblastoma inhibits the expression of pro-apoptotic genes, thereby promoting tumor growth. A previous study showed that the amphiphilic R3V6 peptide is an efficient carrier of the anti-miR-21 antisense oligodeoxynucleotide (antisense-ODN) into cells in vitro. In the current study, in vivo delivery of antisense-ODN using the R3V6 peptide was evaluated in a glioblastoma animal model. In vitro transfection showed that the R3V6 peptide delivered antisense-ODN more efficiently than polyethylenimine (25 kDa, PEI25k) in C6 glioblastoma cells. For in vivo evaluation, antisense-ODN/R3V6 complex was injected intratumorally into a C6 glioblastoma xenograft animal model. Tumor growth was suppressed by the injection of the antisense-ODN/R3V6 complex, compared with the antisense-ODN/PEI25k and scrambled-antisense-ODN (scr-antisense-ODN)/R3V6 complexes. Real-time RT-PCR showed that miR-21 levels were reduced most efficiently by the antisense-ODNR3V6 complex in tumors. Due to inhibition of miR-21, expression of the programed cell death 4 (PDCD4) gene was promoted in tumors, resulting in the induction of apoptosis of tumor cells. These results suggest that delivery of antisense-ODN using R3V6 peptides may be useful for the development of antisense-ODN therapy for glioblastoma.
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Source |
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1061186X.2016.1207648 | DOI Listing |
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