A computation method is suggested, enabling one to optimize the amino acid composition of protein mixtures proceeding from the real content of amino acids and protein assimilation ratios. The method is based on the adequate use of essential amino acids and an amino acid that limits the biological value of proteins. The difference between the real content of essential amino acids and the portions utilized constitutes a non-utilized part of protein. The optimization may be reduced to the computation of its minimal values. The problem can be solved graphically, by exhaustive search of the products ratios with the use of computer or by optimization methods. According to the method designed there have been found optimal ratios of protein mixtures in animal and vegetable products contained by culinary dishes and products. The biological methods permitted one to determine the biological value and protein effectiveness ratio and to establish that they are closely related with the computed characteristics of the non-utilized part of protein and protein utilization ratio. The correlation ratio was found to amount to 0.76-0.89 (p less than 0.05).
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Analyst
January 2025
Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecules; Institute of Organic Chemistry, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang 330013, PR China.
Glutathione (GSH) plays an important role in maintaining redox homeostasis in biological systems. Development of reliable glutathione sensors is of great significance to better understand the role of biomolecules in living cells and organisms. Based on the advantages of the photophysical properties of iridium complexes, we proposed a "turn-on" phosphorescent sensor.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Vis Exp
January 2025
Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis; Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Washington University in St. Louis;
For noninvasive light-based physiological monitoring, optimal wavelengths of individual tissue components can be identified using absorption spectroscopy. However, because of the lack of sensitivity of hardware at longer wavelengths, absorption spectroscopy has typically been applied for wavelengths in the visible (VIS) and near-infrared (NIR) range from 400 to 1,000 nm. Hardware advancements in the short-wave infrared (SWIR) range have enabled investigators to explore wavelengths in the ~1,000 nm to 3,000 nm range in which fall characteristic absorption peaks for lipid, protein, and water.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRice (N Y)
January 2025
College of Agronomy, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230000, China.
Panicle elongation length (PEL), which determines panicle exsertion, is an important outcrossing-related trait. Mining genes controlling PEL in rice (Oryza sativa L.) has great practical significance in breeding cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) lines with increased PEL and simplified, high-efficiency seed production.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBioinformatics
January 2025
Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, United States.
Motivation: The accurate prediction of O-GlcNAcylation sites is crucial for understanding disease mechanisms and developing effective treatments. Previous machine learning models primarily relied on primary or secondary protein structural and related properties, which have limitations in capturing the spatial interactions of neighboring amino acids. This study introduces local environmental features as a novel approach that incorporates three-dimensional spatial information, significantly improving model performance by considering the spatial context around the target site.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPediatr Nephrol
January 2025
Department of Paediatrics, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Hong Kong, China.
This case report presents a newborn with pyruvate dehydrogenase complex deficiency who developed significant lactic acidosis and acute kidney injury after birth. Peritoneal dialysis with glucose-based peritoneal dialysis fluid was initially started, but the patient had worsening hyperglycemia and lactic acidosis, likely related to excess glucose reabsorption with shunting to lactate due to the underlying metabolic disorder. As amino acid-based dialysis solution was not available in our formulary, a dialysis fluid was manually created with Vaminolact, which was commonly used in neonatal parenteral nutrition.
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