The National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) of the National Institutes of Health convened a Working Group on the Microbiome in Cardiovascular, Pulmonary and Hematologic Health and Diseases from June 25, 2014, to June 26, 2014. The Working Group's central goal was to define what major microbiome research areas warranted additional study in the context of heart, lung, and blood (HLB) diseases. The Working Group identified studies of the human virome a key priority.
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Kobuviruses (family , genus ) are enteric viruses that infect a wide range of both human and animal hosts. Much of the evolutionary history of kobuviruses remains elusive, largely due to limited screening in wildlife. Bats have been implicated as major sources of virulent zoonoses, including coronaviruses, henipaviruses, and filoviruses, though much of the bat virome still remains uncharacterized.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBlood DNA virome associates with autoimmune diseases and COVID-19.
Nat Genet
January 2025
Department of Statistical Genetics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan.
Aberrant immune responses to viral pathogens contribute to pathogenesis, but our understanding of pathological immune responses caused by viruses within the human virome, especially at a population scale, remains limited. We analyzed whole-genome sequencing datasets of 6,321 Japanese individuals, including patients with autoimmune diseases (psoriasis vulgaris, rheumatoid arthritis (RA), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), pulmonary alveolar proteinosis (PAP) or multiple sclerosis) and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), or healthy controls. We systematically quantified two constituents of the blood DNA virome, endogenous HHV-6 (eHHV-6) and anellovirus.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFViruses and psychiatric disorders: We have not crossed the borderline from hypothesis to proof yet (Review).
Mol Med Rep
March 2025
2nd Department of Psychiatry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Attikon University Hospital, 12462 Athens, Greece.
Most psychiatric disorders are heterogeneous and are attributed to the synergistic action of a multitude of factors. It is generally accepted that psychiatric disorders are the outcome of interactions between genetic predisposition and environmental perturbations, which involve psychosocial stress, or alterations in the physiological state of the organism. A number of hypotheses have been presented on such environmental influences that may include direct insults such as injury, malnutrition and hostile living conditions, or indirect sequelae following infection from viruses such as influenza, arboviruses, enteroviruses and several herpesviruses, or the differential expression of human endogenous retroviruses.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIdentification and characterization of prophages rich in diversity-generating retroelements.
Microbiol Spectr
December 2024
Department of Genetics, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.
Article Synopsis
- Metagenomics has uncovered a vast diversity of phages in the human gut, but detailed studies on these phages are limited.
- A new bioinformatics method was developed to identify prophages in cultured gut bacteria, leading to the discovery of 15 candidate prophages, with five validated as active.
- The study also found that some active phages had unique genetic features and varied host ranges, while noting a difference in prevalence among inflammatory bowel disease patients compared to healthy individuals, emphasizing the potential of studying prophage dynamics in understanding microbial ecology.
Novel coronaviruses and mammarenaviruses of hedgehogs from Russia including the comparison of viral communities of hibernating and active specimens.
Front Vet Sci
December 2024
Laboratory of Multiomics Research, Scientific Research Institute for Systems Biology and Medicine, Federal Service on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Well-Being Surveillance, Moscow, Russia.
Introduction: Small mammals, especially rodents and bats, are known reservoirs of zoonotic viruses, but little is known about the viromes of insectivorous species including hedgehogs (order Eulipotyphla), which often live near human settlements and come into contact with humans.
Methods: We used high-throughput sequencing and metaviromic analysis to describe the viromes of 21 hedgehogs (Erinaceus sp.) sampled from summer 2022 to spring 2023.
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