AI Article Synopsis
- The study investigates the relationship between hepatitis C virus (HCV), hepatitis B virus (HBV), and non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) through a case-control study in Italy, examining 571 NHL patients and 1004 cancer-free controls.
- HCV RNA was found in a significantly higher percentage of NHL cases (11.1%) compared to controls (3.5%), indicating an increased risk, while chronic HBV infection was also associated with NHL, particularly B-cell lymphoma.
- The findings suggest that chronic infections from HCV and HBV may contribute to NHL risk, highlighting the importance of prevention and treatment strategies for these viral infections to potentially reduce NHL incidence, especially in regions where they are common.
Article Abstract
Background: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) has been consistently associated to non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL); conversely, few studies have evaluated a comprehensive serological panel of hepatitis B virus (HBV) in NHL etiology.
Methods: We conducted a case-control study in Italy in 1999-2014, enrolling 571 incident, histologically confirmed NHLs and 1004 cancer-free matched controls. Study subjects provided serum for HCV and HBV testing and for HCV RNA. Odds ratios (ORs) and corresponding 95 % confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated by logistic regression, adjusting for potential confounders.
Results: Circulating HCV RNA was detected in 63 (11.1 %) NHL cases and 35 (3.5 %) controls (OR = 3.51, 95 % CI: 2.25-5.47). Chronic HBV infection (i.e., positive to HBV surface antigen - HBsAg(+)) was found in 3.7 % of cases and 1.7 % of controls (OR = 1.95, 95 % CI: 1.00-3.81); a significantly elevated OR was observed for B-cell NHL (2.11, 95 % CI: 1.07-4.15). People with serological evidence of past HCV or HBV infection, vaccination against HBV, or detectable antibodies against HBV core antigen (anti-HBc(+)) alone were not at increased NHL risk.
Conclusions: Our results support a role of chronic HCV infection in NHL in Italy and suggest an involvement of HBV infection. Associations were clearest for B-cell NHL and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Prevention and treatment of HCV and HBV infection may diminish NHL incidence, notably in areas with high prevalence of hepatitis viruses infection.
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| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4918100 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13027-016-0073-x | DOI Listing |
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