The purpose of this study is to develop a low fertility ontology for collecting and analyzing social data. A low fertility ontology was developed according to Ontology Development 101 and formally represented using Protégé. The content coverage of the ontology was evaluated using 1,387 narratives posted by the public and 63 narratives posted by public servants. Six super-classes of the ontology were developed based on Bronfenbrenner's ecological system theory with an individual in the center and environmental systems impacting their as surroundings. In total, 568 unique concepts were extracted from the narratives. Out of these concepts, 424(74.6%) concepts were lexically or semantically mapped, 67(11.8%) were either broadly or narrowly mapped to the ontology concepts. Remaining 77(13.6%) concepts were not mapped to any of the ontology concepts. This ontology can be used as a framework to understand low fertility problems using social data in Korea.
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