Successful design of materials and manufacturing processes requires the availability of reliable materials data. Commercial alloys usually contain a large number of elements, and the needed data for the design of new materials and processes are rarely available. The CALPHAD (CALculation of PHAse Diagrams) method enables the development of thermodynamic and property databases, that in conjunction with extrapolation methods of the descriptions of binary and ternary systems to higher-order systems, allow the calculation of data for higher-order systems. The results obtained from CALPHAD calculations have been shown to be invaluable in the design of new materials. This review presents an overview of the CALPHAD method, software tools and databases and gives examples of its application.
Non-invasive brain-computer interfaces (BCI) hold great promise in the field of neurorehabilitation. They are easy to use and do not require surgery, particularly in the area of motor imagery electroencephalography (EEG). However, motor imagery EEG signals often have a low signal-to-noise ratio and limited spatial and temporal resolution.
Thermodynamic theory suggests that the obvious mechanical behavior caused by temperature and interlayer angle will affect the physical properties of materials, such as mechanical properties and transportation behavior, and it is different from the behavior in three-dimensional bulk materials. We observe an abnormal physical effect of bilayer graphene/hexagonal boron nitride (G/BN)-carbon nanotube (CNT) heterostructures, with a normalized out-of-plane deformation and normalized bond angle percentage to almost several times higher those of pristine G/BN heterostructures (without CNT) at 700-800 K. Our combined finite element theory and molecular dynamics simulations confirmed that the combination of CNT and interlayer angle diverted and bridged the propagating crack and provided a stable crack propagation path and crack tip opening displacement, resulting in the stress fields to be controlled around the CNT at high temperature.
Parkinson's disease (PD) prevalence is projected to reach 12 million by 2040. Wearable sensors offer a promising approach for comfortable, continuous tremor monitoring to optimize treatment strategies. Here, we present a wristwatch-like triboelectric sensor (WW-TES) inspired by automatic watches for unobtrusive PD tremor assessment.
Introduction: Studies have suggested that dietary intake may influence the incidence and progression of open-angle glaucoma. However, dietary modification is not usually included in the clinical management of glaucoma. The aim of this scoping review was therefore to map the evidence and determine the nature and extent of research done on "diet and glaucoma" and identify any gaps in this area of scholarship.
Chitosan is a nontoxic biopolymer with many potential biomedical and material applications due to its biodegradability, biocompatibility, and antimicrobial properties. Here, fully atomistic molecular dynamics simulations and enhanced sampling methods have been used to study the adsorption mechanism of chitosan oligomers on a silica surface from an aqueous solution. The free energy of adsorption of chitosan on a silica surface was calculated to be 0.
