Background: Endometrial hyperplasia (EH) is one of the most common gynecologic diseases in the world. Different statistical categories implicate an imbalance of estrogens and progestogens in the etiology of this disease. We propose that inflammation also plays a key role in the progression of endometrial hyperplasia.
Objective: The aim of this study is to evaluate the role of inflammation in the transformation and progression of endometrial hyperplasia, using local inflammatory cytokines and nonspecific protease levels, CD 45(+) expression, and histological examination.
Design: The study included 107 patients (ages 29-49 years) with different forms of endometrial hyperplasia. The enrolled patients were randomized into one of the four groups: normal endometrium (n = 18) as the control group, simple hyperplasia (n = 41), complex hyperplasia without atypia (n = 36), complex atypical hyperplasia or endometrioid adenocarcinoma (n = 12).
Methods: The following were evaluated for patients with different forms of EH: steroid hormone levels in blood serum and uterine flushings, immunohistochemical estrogen and progesterone receptor expression patterns in the endometrial tissue, CD 45(+) (common leukocyte antigen) expression, the levels of the cytokines IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α, and nonspecific proteases and their inhibitors.
Results: The level of estradiol in blood serum and especially in uterine flushings was elevated dramatically in simple EH as compared to that of controls, but there was no significant difference between estradiol levels among the different forms of EH. The estimation of CD 45(+), the levels of the cytokines IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α, and the activity of proteases (elastase-like and trypsin-like activities) and their inhibitors showed that levels of nonspecific inflammatory markers increase with EH progression.
Conclusions: We suggest that the initial responsibility for the development of simple endometrial hyperplasia belongs to systemic hyperestrogenemia and, in particular, local hyperestrogenia, but that the role of inflammatory processes increases in complex and atypical EH. Development of inflammatory changes in endometrial hyperplasia may be considered as a factor in the promotion and progression of pathology, as well as an attributed risk factor for malignancy in endometrial hyperplasia. In this study, we have established a role for CD 45(+) expression cells, non-specific proteases, and the inflammatory cytokines IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α in endometrial hyperplasia-related inflammation.
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Georgian Med News
October 2024
Azerbaijan Medical University, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology II, Baku, Azerbaijan.
The Aim Of The Study: to examine the pathomorphological and clinical characteristics of the uterus in the combined form of fibroids and adenomyosis.
Methods: The research work was conducted within the framework of the scientific program of the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology II at Azerbaijan Medical University for the years 2021-2024. In the course of this study, a comprehensive clinical, laboratory, and instrumental prospective examination was conducted on 113 patients aged 30 to 50 years (mean age 42,0±1,8 years) with combined adenomyosis and uterine fibroids.
Int J Surg Case Rep
December 2024
Clinica Universitaria Reina Fabiola, Córdoba, Argentina.
Introduction: Appendiceal endometriosis (AE) is a rare condition, with a prevalence ranging from 0.05 % to 1.7 % in patients with endometriosis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWiad Lek
December 2024
UNIVERSITY OF PRESOV, PRESOV, SLOVAK REPUBLIC.
Objective: Aim: Investigation of hyperproliferative diseases of the female genital organs as a consequence of mixed urogenital infections.
Patients And Methods: Materials and Methods: The study included 56 women of reproductive age who experienced discomfort in the external genital area in the form of excessive vaginal discharge and/or unpleasant odour of the discharge, itching in the external genital area (main group). The control group consisted of 30 somatically and gynaecologically healthy patients.
Int J Womens Health
November 2024
Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, People's Republic of China.
Aim: To assess body composition, glucolipid metabolism, and uric acid levels in PCOS (Polycystic Ovary Syndrome) patients to determine their relationship with the risk of endometrial hyperplasia (EH).
Methods: A total of 232 patients were included and divided into groups according to whether they had PCOS and endometrial pathology (Group A: non-PCOS and normal endometrium; Group B: PCOS and normal endometrium; Group C: non-PCOS and EH; Group D: PCOS and EH). Body composition differences between groups and correlations between body composition, glucolipid metabolism, and uric acid levels were analyzed.
Theriogenology
November 2024
Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie, Università di Pisa, Via Livornese (Lato Monte), 1289, San Piero a Grado, PI, Pisa, 56122, Italy.
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