Avian Encephalomyelitis in Layer Pullets Associated with Vaccination.

Avian Dis

E California Animal Health & Food Safety Laboratory System, Tulare Branch, University of California-Davis, 18830 Road 112, Tulare, CA 93274.

Published: June 2016

Avian encephalomyelitis (AE) was diagnosed in three flocks of leghorn layer pullets following AE vaccination. Ages of the birds were 11, 12, and 14 wk. The submissions came from three different companies located in two geographic areas of the Central Valley of California. The clinical signs included birds down on their legs, unilateral recumbency or sitting on their hocks, lethargy, reluctance to move, dehydration, unevenness in size, low weight, tremors of the head in a few birds, and mildly to moderately elevated mortality. The flocks had been vaccinated against fowl pox and AE with a combined product in the wing-web 2 wk prior to the onset of AE clinical signs. Histopathologic examination revealed lesions consistent with AE, including lymphocytic perivascular infiltration and neuronal central chromatolysis in the brain and spinal cord, as well as gliosis in the cerebellar molecular layer. The AE virus was detected by reverse-transcriptase PCR in the brain homogenate from three cases and peripheral nerves in one case. Additionally, the AE virus was isolated in specific-pathogen-free (SPF) embryonated eggs from brain tissue pool samples. Other avian viral infections capable of causing encephalitis, including avian paramyxoviruses, avian influenza virus (AIV), West Nile virus (WNV), eastern equine encephalitis virus (EEEV), and western equine encephalitis virus (WEEV), were ruled out by attempting virus isolation and molecular procedures.

Download full-text PDF

Source
http://dx.doi.org/10.1637/11306-102115-CaseDOI Listing

Publication Analysis

Top Keywords

avian encephalomyelitis
8
layer pullets
8
clinical signs
8
equine encephalitis
8
encephalitis virus
8
virus
7
avian
5
encephalomyelitis layer
4
pullets associated
4
associated vaccination
4

Similar Publications

Eastern Equine Encephalitis Virus: The Importance of Metabolism and Aging.

Int J Mol Sci

December 2024

Department of Preclinical and Basic Sciences, Faculty of Biological and Veterinary Sciences, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 87-100 Torun, Poland.

Eastern equine encephalitis virus (EEEV) is a mosquito-transmitted alphavirus that, among humans, can cause a severe and often fatal illness. The zoonotic EEEV enzootic cycle involves a cycle of transmission between and avian hosts, frequently resulting in spillover to dead-end vertebrate hosts such as humans and horses. Interestingly, it has been described that the W132G mutation of the very low-density lipoprotein receptor (VLDLR), the receptor of EEEV, significantly enhanced the VLDLR-mediated cell attachment of EEEV.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

A New Variant of Avian Encephalomyelitis Virus Associated with Neurologic Signs in Turkey Poults.

Pathogens

September 2024

Animal Disease Research and Diagnostic Laboratory, Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD 57007, USA.

Avian encephalomyelitis (AE) is a disease caused by the avian encephalomyelitis virus (AEV) of the genus Tremovirus in the family Picornaviridae. Recently, cases of turkey poults showing neurological signs were submitted to the veterinary diagnostic laboratories at South Dakota State University and the University of Minnesota. The affected birds were showing nervous neurological signs such as tremors, inability to stand, torticollis, and wing drop.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF
Article Synopsis
  • * The German Medicinal Products Act (AMG) allows pharmacies to prepare medicinal products, including test allergens, without needing a marketing authorization, which could help fill the diagnostic gap.
  • * The text discusses the practical and legal challenges of creating skin prick test solutions in pharmacies while exploring potential allergen sources and their implications.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF
Article Synopsis
  • Western equine encephalitis virus (WEEV) used to cause significant outbreaks in humans and horses but has become less virulent over time, raising questions about the reasons for this change and the potential for re-emergence of deadly strains.
  • Researchers identified protocadherin 10 (PCDH10) as a key receptor for WEEV, which ancient strains could bind to, while contemporary strains show reduced binding abilities indicating a shift in the virus’s host adaptation.
  • The study suggests that PCDH10 not only facilitates infection in neurons but also that a soluble form can protect against WEEV, offering insights for future medical treatments and risk assessments of the virus.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Module-combinatorial design and screening of multifunctional polymers based on polyaspartic acid for DNA delivery.

Int J Pharm

August 2024

Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Optogenetic Techniques for Cell Metabolism, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China; Engineering Research Center of Pharmaceutical Process Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China. Electronic address:

It is crucial to develop non-viral gene vectors that can efficiently and safely transfect plasmid DNA into cells. Low transfection efficiency and high cytotoxicity of cationic polymers hinder their application as gene carriers. Modification of cationic polymers has emerged as an attractive strategy for efficient and safe nucleic acids delivery.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Want AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?

Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!