Residents in tutored practice exchange groups have better medical reasoning as measured by script concordance test: a controlled, nonrandomized study.

Study Objective: Clinical reasoning by anesthesiology residents in emergency situations where optimal management is uncertain could be improved by setting up a tutored practice exchange group. This study attempted to evaluate the impact of a practice exchange group (PEG), tutored by a senior anesthesiologist, on anesthesiology residents in emergency situations. Changes in clinical reasoning were measured by script concordance tests (SCT).

Design: We conducted a controlled, non-randomized study.

Setting And Participants: Participants are residents in anesthesiology in Rouen, Caen and Amiens University Hospitals.

Interventions: Two resident groups were made up without randomization. The first group was the control group and consisted of residents from Amiens University Hospital and Caen University Hospital. The second study group (PEG group) consisted of residents from Rouen University Hospital, who followed weekly PEG sessions. Two groups had the same learning objectives except the PEG.

Measurements: In both the control group and the study group, each resident's clinical reasoning was assessed in the same formal manner by SCT. The primary outcome measurement of this study was to compare SCT results in the study group with PEG training (PEG group) with those without (control group).

Main Results: Performance in the SCT, expressed as degree of concordance with the expert panel (95% CI), was better in the PEG group (64% [62.1%-66%]) than in control group (60% [57.5%-62.8%])) (P= .004).

Conclusion: Our study strongly suggests that an expert-directed, peer-conducted educational training program may improve the clinical reasoning of anesthesiology residents as measured by SCT.