The article deals with the results of the analysis of morphological changes in the perineural tissue of 54 hands (in 47 patients) which were treated by operation for compression of the ulnar nerve on the hand. The main variants of localization of compression of the ulnar nerve in Guyon's canal were revealed. The main trunk of the ulnar nerve is compressed at the level of the volar carpal ligament in most cases. Two or three levels of affection of the main trunk of the nerve or its branches are encountered in half of the cases. The causes of compression of the ulnar nerve on the hand are thickening of the volar ligament, facial bands, a firm aponeurotic border of the initial part of the hypothenar muscle, hygroma, pathological condition of the ulnar artery and veins, deformity of the bones after fracture of the radius or ulna, etc.
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