Purpose: Assessment of plaque formation in the common carotid artery (CCA) is important for stratification of the risk of subsequent stroke. The stiffness parameter β, which can be assessed using an ultrasonic phase-locked echo-tracking system, was developed to evaluate arterial stiffness. The purpose this study was to examine the relationship of the stiffness parameter β to intima-media thickness (IMT) and plaque formation.
Methods: The stiffness parameter β and mean IMT were measured using an ultrasonic phase-locked echo-tracking system and an automatic IMT measurement system, respectively, and the presence of plaque was assessed by ultrasonography in 347 subjects who took part in a health check-up program for community-dwelling people in Hokkaido.
Results: Values of the stiffness parameter β were significantly higher in subjects with plaque formation than in those without plaque (10.60 ± 0.45 vs. 8.88 ± 0.23, P < 0.005) in whom IMT was not thickened; however, it was not different in subjects with increased IMT (>1.0 mm). The percentage of plaque formation was significantly correlated with the value of the stiffness parameter β. Furthermore, the stiffness parameter β was significantly correlated with plaque formation after adjustment for several clinical variables (odds ratio 1.113-1.178, P < 0.001).
Conclusion: The stiffness parameter β is associated with plaque formation in the CCA, especially in subjects with a normal IMT. This could potentially be used as a predictor for plaque formation.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10396-011-0323-x | DOI Listing |
JGH Open
December 2024
Department of Gastroenterology, Hematology and Clinical Immunology Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine Hirosaki Japan.
Background And Aim: Identifying the factors contributing to the progression of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), a lifestyle-related disease, is crucial for preventing future liver-related deaths. This study aimed to epidemiologically investigate factors, including single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels >30 U/L and potential risk factors for liver fibrosis, in a general population cohort of patients with MASLD.
Methods: Among 1059 participants in the health checkup project, 228 who were diagnosed with MASLD were analyzed.
Gaucher Disease (GD) is a rare genetic disorder characterized by a deficiency in the enzyme glucocerebrosidase, leading to the accumulation of glucosylceramide in various cells, including red blood cells (RBCs). This accumulation results in altered biomechanical properties and rheological behavior of RBCs, which may play an important role in blood rheology and the development of bone infarcts, avascular necrosis (AVN) and other bone diseases associated with GD. In this study, dissipative particle dynamics (DPD) simulations are employed to investigate the biomechanics and rheology of blood and RBCs in GD under various flow conditions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEur Heart J Open
November 2024
Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, College of Medicine-Jacksonville, University of Florida, 653-1 West 8th Street, L20 Jacksonville, FL 32209, USA.
Electronic cigarette (EC) is widely advertised as a safe alternative to traditional cigarette (TC). We aimed to investigate the cardiovascular effect of EC with/without nicotine compared with TC. We systematically searched PubMed/MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane CENTRAL for randomized controlled trials that compared the effect of different smoking modalities on cardiovascular function up to 1 October 2024.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnn Biomed Eng
December 2024
Eco-Friendly Smart Ship Parts Technology Innovation Center, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea.
Shins are one of the most vulnerable bones in human body. Shin guards are evaluated by their effectiveness in reducing the force applied to the bone. In this study, a structural modified mechanical lumped model of the shin guard was developed to provide maximum force distribution using physical parameter change modification technique and genetic algorithm.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Physiol Sci
December 2024
Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan.
Fenestration has been reported to enhance Fontan hemodynamics in several cases of Fontan circulation. However, the indication criteria for fenestration remain under discussion. To assess the effectiveness of fenestration in Fontan circulation, we conducted a theoretical analysis using a computational model of the fenestrated Fontan circulation.
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