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Expectancy value theory's contribution to unpacking the black box of motivation.
Behav Brain Sci
January 2025
Department of Human Development and Quantitative Methodology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD,
Although in basic agreement with Murayama and Jach's call for greater attention to the black boxes underlying motivated behavior, we provide examples of our published suggestions regarding how subjective task value (and ability self-concepts) "gets into people's knowledge structures." We suggest additional mental computational processes to investigate and call for a developmental and situated individual differences approach to this work.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe unboxing has already begun: One motivation construct at a time.
Behav Brain Sci
January 2025
Psychology Department, Columbia University, New York, NY,
Murayama and Jach argue that it is not clearly specified how motivation constructs produce behavior and that this black box should be unpacked. We argue that the authors overlook important classic theory and highlight recent research programs that already started unboxing. We feel that without relying on the mechanisms that such programs uncover, the proposed computational approach will be fruitless.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMotivation needs cognition but is not just about cognition.
Behav Brain Sci
January 2025
Department of Psychology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA,
Murayama and Jach offer valuable suggestions for how to integrate computational processes into motivation theory, but these processes cannot do away with motivation altogether. Rewards are only rewarding because people want and like them - that is, because of motivation. Sexual desire is not primarily a quest for rewarding information.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEndogenous reward is a bridge between social/cognitive and behavioral models of choice.
Behav Brain Sci
January 2025
Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Coatesville, PA,
Endogenous reward (intrinsic reward at will) is a that is by steps toward any goals which are challenging and/or uncommon enough to prevent its debasement by inflation. A "theory of mental computational processes" should propose what properties let goals grow from appetites for endogenous rewards. Endogenous reward may be the universal selective factor in all modifiable mental processes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFResurrecting the "black-box" conundrum.
Behav Brain Sci
January 2025
Department of Human Development and Quantitative Methodology, University of Maryland, College Park, College Park, MD,
In their article, Murayama and Jach contend that a mental computational model demonstrates that high-level motivations are emergent properties from underlying cognitive processes rather than instigators of behaviors. Despite points of agreement with the authors' critiques of the motivation literature, I argue that their claim of dismantling the black box of the human mind has been constructed on shaking grounds.
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