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A highly contagious infection caused by human adenovirus species D (HAdV-D), epidemic keratoconjunctivitis (EKC) results in corneal subepithelial infiltration (SEI) by leukocytes, the hallmark of the infection. To date, the pathogenesis of corneal SEI formation in EKC is unresolved. HMGB1 (high-mobility group box 1 protein) is an alarmin expressed in response to infection and a marker of sepsis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFXenographic lenticule implantation followed by riboflavin and UV treatment: A promising alternative for corneal ectasias management.
Methods
January 2025
Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos 6627, Pampulha, CEP 31270-901 Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Electronic address:
The cornea is the primary refracting surface of the eye, requiring precise curvature to ensure optimal vision. Any distortion in its shape may result in significant visual impairment. Corneal ectasias, such as keratoconus (KC), is characterized by gradual thinning and protrusion of the thinned area, due to biomechanical weakening of the tissue, leading to astigmatism and vision loss.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInsights from animal studies exploring the efficacy and safety of topical losartan, in prophylaxis and treatment of corneal scarring fibrosis.
Biomed Pharmacother
January 2025
The Cole Eye Institute, The Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, United States. Electronic address:
Several studies in rabbits demonstrated the efficacy and safety of topical losartan, an angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARB) that modulates the TGF-β intracellular signaling pathways by inhibiting the activation of Extracellular Signal-regulated Kinase (ERK), in preventing or treating stromal fibrosis after a range of injuries such as Descemetorhexis, alkali burns, incisions, and photorefractive keratectomy (PRK). Several case reports have shown that topical losartan treatment is also efficacious and safe in humans to prevent or treat stromal fibrosis after many different injuries or diseases. Topical losartan penetrates the full thickness of the cornea and, therefore, can treat both anterior and posterior stromal fibrosis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPosterior Limbal Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Promote Proliferation and Stemness of Transition Zone Cells: A Novel Insight Into Corneal Endothelial Rejuvenation.
Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci
January 2025
Department of Ophthalmology, New Zealand National Eye Centre, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.
Purpose: Progenitors for the corneal endothelium have been identified in the transition zone (TZ), but their cellular interactions remain undefined. Posterior limbal mesenchymal stromal cells (P-LMSCs) may support TZ cells in the posterior limbus. This study aims to characterize P-LMSCs and investigate their effects on TZ cells.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA first-in-human clinical study of an allogenic iPSC-derived corneal endothelial cell substitute transplantation for bullous keratopathy.
Cell Rep Med
December 2024
Department of Ophthalmology, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku-ku 160-8582, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Clinical Regenerative Medicine, Fujita Medical Innovation Center, Fujita Health University, Ota-ku, Tokyo 144-0041, Japan. Electronic address:
A first-in-human investigator-initiated clinical study of a corneal endothelial cell substitute (CLS001) derived from a clinical-grade induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) line shows improvement of visual acuity and corneal stromal edema, with no adverse events for up to 1 year after surgery for the treatment of bullous keratopathy. While preclinical tests, including multiple whole-genome analysis and tumorigenicity tests adhering to the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) draft guidelines, are negative, an additional whole-genome analysis conducted on transplanted CLS001 cells reveals a de novo in-frame deletion of exon22 in the EP300 gene. No adverse events related to the mutation are observed.
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