Graphs are used to model chemical compounds and drugs. In the graphs, each vertex represents an atom of molecule and edges between the corresponding vertices are used to represent covalent bounds between atoms. The Wiener polarity index W p (G) of a graph G is the number of unordered pairs of vertices u, v of G such that the distance between u and v is equal to 3. The trees and unicyclic graphs with perfect matching, of which all vertices have degrees not greater than three, are referred to as the Hückel trees and unicyclic Hückel graphs, respectively. In this paper, we first consider the smallest and the largest Wiener polarity index among all Hückel trees on 2n vertices and characterize the corresponding extremal graphs. Then we obtain an upper and lower bound for the Wiener polarity index of unicyclic Hückel graphs on 2n vertices.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/3873597 | DOI Listing |
Biomedicines
December 2024
Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cardiovascular Research, Center for Biomedical Research and Translational Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
Previously, we showed that blood-based polarizing cardioplegia exerted beneficial cardioprotection during hypothermic ischemia; however, these positive effects of blood-based polarizing cardioplegia were reduced during normothermic ischemia compared to blood-based hyperkalemic (depolarizing) cardioplegia. This study compares crystalloid polarizing cardioplegia to crystalloid depolarizing cardioplegia in a normothermic porcine model of cardiopulmonary bypass; Methods: Twelve pigs were randomized to receive either normothermic polarizing ( = 7) or depolarizing ( = 5) crystalloid cardioplegia. After the initiation of cardiopulmonary bypass, normothermic arrest (34 °C, 60 min) was followed by 60 min of on-pump and 90 min of off-pump reperfusion.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIn this Letter, we propose and experimentally validate a high-fidelity and adaptive forward-phase-based vibration sensing using a Wiener filter (WF). In commercial coherent digital subcarrier multiplexing (DSCM) systems under external cavity lasers (ECLs), frequency-domain pilot tones (FPTs) in subcarrier intervals are employed for dynamic frequency offset estimation (FOE), carrier phase estimation (CPE), and polarization demultiplexing. The phase estimated by the CPE module is processed with the WF to achieve high-fidelity extraction of the vibration-induced phase.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNat Commun
January 2025
Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA.
Glioblastoma (GBM) is a malignant brain tumor with diffuse infiltration. Here, we demonstrate how GBM cells usurp guidance receptor Plexin-B2 for confined migration through restricted space. Using live-cell imaging to track GBM cells negotiating microchannels, we reveal endocytic vesicle accumulation at cell front and filamentous actin assembly at cell rear in a polarized manner.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Phys Chem C Nanomater Interfaces
October 2024
FZU-Institute of Physics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Na Slovance 2, 182 21 Prague, Czech Republic.
A novel approach to selectively modify narrow subareas of metallic nanostructures adjacent to plasmonic hotspots, where strong electromagnetic field amplification occurs upon localized surface plasmon (LSP) excitation, is reported. In contrast to surface plasmon-triggered polymerization, it relies on plasmonically enhanced multiphoton crosslinking (MPC) of polymer chains carrying photoactive moieties. When they are contacted with metallic nanostructures and irradiated with a femtosecond near-infrared beam resonantly coupled with LSPs, the enhanced field intensity locally exceeds the threshold and initiates MPC only at plasmonic hotspots.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnviron Sci Pollut Res Int
September 2024
Division of Agricultural Chemicals, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute (ICAR-IARI), New Delhi, 110012, India.
The widespread prevalence of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in the environment has raised major concerns due to the associated risks to human health, wildlife, and ecological systems. Here, we investigated the degradation kinetics, Bayesian network (BN), quantitative structure-activity relationship-density functional theory (QSAR-DFT), artificial neural network (ANN), molecular docking (MD), and molecular dynamics stimulation (MS) of PCB biodegradation, i.e.
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