Background: Micellar LC was first proposed as a 'green' mode using mobile phases of water and surfactant. However, in most procedures a small amount of organic solvent is required to decrease the retention to convenient values. Results & methodology: Mixed micellar mobile phases prepared with both cationic (sodium dodecyl sulphate) and nonionic surfactant (Brij-35) modulate the retention of high to moderately polar basic drugs to practical times, eliminating the need of organic solvent. While the mobile phase is continuously recycled through the system, the stationary phase performance is maintained after repetitive injection of the samples.
Discussion & Conclusion: Through an extensive validation, the approach is shown to be appropriate to determine these drugs in urine samples without previous pretreatment.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.4155/bio-2016-0006 | DOI Listing |
Arch Sex Behav
January 2025
Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (INI-Fiocruz), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Perceived risk for HIV acquisition among gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men (GBMSM) may not align with their actual sexual HIV exposure. Factors associated with low/moderate perceived risk among GBMSM eligible for pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) (based on their high estimated HIV exposure) have been poorly described in Latin America. This is a secondary analysis of a 2018 web-based cross-sectional survey in Brazil, Mexico, and Peru.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSurg Today
January 2025
Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, The Cancer Institute Hospital of Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, 3-8-31, Ariake, Koto-Ku, Tokyo, 135-8550, Japan.
Purpose: To investigate the effect of preoperative prealbumin levels on long-term survival outcomes after gastrectomy in patients with gastric cancer (GC) dichotomized based on age.
Methods: This retrospective cohort study included consecutive patients who underwent radical gastrectomy for primary stage I-III GC between May 2006 and March 2017. Patients were allocated to groups based on age (≥ 70 or < 70 years) and subgroups based on prealbumin levels (high, ≥ 22 mg/dL; moderate, 15-22 mg/dL; or low, < 15 mg/dL), and multivariate Cox regression was used for survival analyses.
Sci Rep
January 2025
Minerals Beneficiation and Agglomeration Department, Minerals Technology Institute, Central Metallurgical Research & Development Institute (CMRDI), P.O. Box 87, Helwan, Cairo, 11722, Egypt.
Fine grinding using a stirred ball mill can enhance ore liberation but incurs high energy consumption, which can be minimized by optimizing operating conditions. This study explores the impact of key operational parameters-grinding time, stirrer tip speed, solid concentration, and feed size-on grinding efficiency, evaluated using specific energy inputs, in stirred milling of Egyptian copper ore. The particle size distribution (PSD) of ground products was simulated using the Gates-Gaudin-Schuhmann model (GGS) and the Rosin-Rammler-Benne (RRB) function.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNPJ Sci Learn
January 2025
Department of Psychology, The Education University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
Statistical learning is a core ability for individuals in extracting and integrating regularities and patterns from linguistic input. Yet, the developmental trajectory of visual statistical learning has not been fully examined in the orthographic learning domain. Employing an artificial orthographic learning task, we manipulated three levels of positional consistency of radicals, i.
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