Severity: Warning
Message: file_get_contents(https://...@pubfacts.com&api_key=b8daa3ad693db53b1410957c26c9a51b4908&a=1): Failed to open stream: HTTP request failed! HTTP/1.1 429 Too Many Requests
Filename: helpers/my_audit_helper.php
Line Number: 176
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/html/application/helpers/my_audit_helper.php
Line: 176
Function: file_get_contents
File: /var/www/html/application/helpers/my_audit_helper.php
Line: 250
Function: simplexml_load_file_from_url
File: /var/www/html/application/helpers/my_audit_helper.php
Line: 1034
Function: getPubMedXML
File: /var/www/html/application/helpers/my_audit_helper.php
Line: 3152
Function: GetPubMedArticleOutput_2016
File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 575
Function: pubMedSearch_Global
File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 489
Function: pubMedGetRelatedKeyword
File: /var/www/html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once
Aim: to determine the effectiveness of endobronchial valve placement as treatment of emphysema compared to medical care.
Methods: literature searching regarding comparison of endobronchial valve and medical care as treatment of emphysema on PubMed database. The quality of the literatures found was appraised by using critical appraisal sheet from Center of Evidence-Based Medicine, University of Oxford.
Results: two randomized controlled trials (RCT) were obtained from literature searching. It was revealed that endobronchial valve placement improved quality of patients with moderate to very severe as compared to medical treatment significantly. However, these significant improvements occurred in patients with high heterogeneity emphysema, complete interlobar fissure, and absence of collateral ventilation.
Conclusion: endobronchial valve placement was a more effective treatment in patients with high heterogeneity emphysema, complete interlobar fissure, and absence of collateral ventilation. Assessment by using High Resolution CT-scan (HRCT) must be conducted prior to valve placement to determine suitability of this approach in emphysema patients.
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