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Diagnostic Challenges in Malignant Hyperthermia and Anesthesia-Induced Rhabdomyolysis: A Case Study.
Am J Case Rep
December 2024
Department of Surgery, Medical University of Sofia, University Hospital "Queen Giovanna - ISUL", Sofia, Bulgaria.
BACKGROUND Malignant hyperthermia (MH) and anesthesia-induced rhabdomyolysis (AIR) are rare, yet life-threatening complications that need prompt therapeutic actions and logistic preparedness for treatment success. Both conditions are triggered by general anesthetics, particularly volatiles and depolarizing muscle relaxants. In comparison with MH, which is an inherited pharmacogenomic disease of calcium channel receptor subpopulation and arises only after trigger exposure, AIR has been described mostly in patients with muscular dystrophies.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCase Report of an Urgent Determination of Malignant Hyperthermia Status of a 24-Week Pregnant Patient Requiring Intrauterine Fetal Surgery.
A A Pract
December 2024
From the Department of Anesthesiology, Uniformed Services University, Bethesda, Maryland.
Malignant hyperthermia (MH) is a potentially fatal disorder triggered by volatile anesthetics or succinylcholine, inducing a hypermetabolic crisis in susceptible patients. The caffeine-halothane contracture test (CHCT) remains a gold standard for MH detection. The authors describe a pregnant patient with a history of exertional rhabdomyolysis, who required urgent MH screening for administration of MH-triggering anesthetics.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAcute Cocaine Intoxication Leading to Multisystem Dysfunction: A Case Report.
Cureus
October 2024
Psychiatry, Faculdade Evangélica Mackenzie do Paraná, Curitiba, BRA.
Article Synopsis
- - Cocaine intoxication is a major global health issue, and this case study details the complications faced by a 30-year-old male whose use led to acute intoxication and serious health crises, including multiple organ failure.
- - The patient displayed typical signs of cocaine use after a fall, which resulted in severe injuries; despite intensive treatment, he developed serious conditions like rhabdomyolysis and cardiac issues.
- - This situation emphasizes the need for quick identification and aggressive treatment of cocaine intoxication, especially in patients showing altered mental status and unstable vital signs, as drug-related incidents are common in certain regions.
Acute Cocaine Toxicity Complicated by Cerebral Edema, Respiratory Failure, and Coronary Vasospasm: A Case Report and Review of Multimodal Management Strategies.
Cureus
October 2024
Internal Medicine, Cape Coral Hospital, Cape Coral, USA.
Article Synopsis
- Cocaine use can lead to serious medical issues, including acute and chronic complications that may cause organ failure, and many overdose deaths occur without the drug being laced with other substances like fentanyl.
- A case study of a 40-year-old man shows severe symptoms from suspected cocaine use, including hyperthermia and unresponsiveness, requiring aggressive medical intervention and highlighting complications such as rhabdomyolysis and acute kidney injury.
- Despite initial concerns about heart issues, it was determined that elevated cardiac troponins were related to cocaine-induced effects rather than coronary artery disease, and a previously discovered brain lesion was monitored without needing immediate surgery.
Muscular dystrophy encompasses a group of genetic conditions with progressive muscle damage and weakness. Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) and Becker muscular dystrophy (BMD) are X-linked recessive disorders that affect the production of the protein dystrophin. Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy (EDMD) is typically an X-linked-recessive disorder involving the gene that codes for emerin.
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