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An Update on the Clinical Management of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis.
Skin Therapy Lett
January 2025
Center for Clinical Studies, Webster, TX, USA.
Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is an infection caused by the Leishmania protozoa, which are primarily transmitted through bites of infected female sandflies. This article provides a comprehensive overview of the clinical management of CL, including an in-depth analysis of its epidemiology, prevention and control measures, diagnostic modalities - particularly molecular and serological, differential diagnosis with other lesions, and treatment options. Also discussed are recent concerns regarding the endemicity of CL, with a focus on the significant rise in travel-related cases as well as locally acquired cases, providing insight into the changing epidemiological landscape.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntestinal flow and digestive parameters of Lutzomyia longipalpis larvae.
J Insect Physiol
January 2025
Laboratório de Fisiologia de Insetos Hematófagos, Departamento de Parasitologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Brazil. Electronic address:
Lutzomyia longipalpis Lutz & Neiva, 1912 (Diptera, Psychodidae), is the primary vector of Leishmania infantum Nicole, 1908, the etiological agent of American visceral leishmaniasis. During their development, sandfly larvae pass through four instars, consuming soil particles enriched with microorganisms and decomposing organic material. In numerous insect species, the intestinal epithelium not only secretes digestive enzymes and absorbs digested nutrients but also carries out additional functions, such as regulating luminal pH and facilitating the absorption or secretion of ions and water.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBaseline infection prevalence, risk factors and treatment outcomes of visceral leishmaniasis in Northeastern Uganda: A cross-sectional study.
PLoS Negl Trop Dis
January 2025
Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Mbale Campus, Busitema University, Mbale City, Uganda.
Introduction: Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) also known as Kala-azar is one of the neglected tropical diseases (NTD) of public health importance. Despite being a disease of a long history, the condition remains poorly studied especially in East Africa. For instance, whereas, the geographical location of the disease is known, there is a stark paucity of data on the burden, risk factors and clinical outcomes of this contribution in Northeastern Uganda.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWing geometric morphometrics is effective to separate sand fly species (Diptera, Psychodidae, Phlebotominae) related with leishmaniasis transmission in Mexico.
Acta Trop
January 2025
Colección Nacional de Insectos, Departamento de Zoología, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico. Electronic address:
Nearly 32% of sand fly species recorded in Mexico are related to Leishmania transmission. A correct morphological identification of sand flies is essential to improve epidemiological and control strategies. Wing geometric morphometrics (GM) has proven to be a complementary tool for classical taxonomy, allowing us to explore variations in structure and shape between species.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPhlebotomus perniciosus response to volatile organic compounds of dogs and humans.
PLoS Negl Trop Dis
December 2024
Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari, Bari, Italy.
The olfactory response of insect vectors such as phlebotomine sand flies is a key facet for investigating their interactions with vertebrate hosts and associated vector-borne pathogens. Such studies are mainly performed by assessing the electrophysiological response and the olfactory behaviour of these arthropods towards volatile organic compounds (VOCs) produced by hosts. Nonetheless, few studies are available for species of the subgenera Lutzomyia and Nyssomyia in South America, leaving a void for Old World sand fly species of the genus Phlebotomus.
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