Excitatory amino acid transporter 3 (EAAT3, encoded by SLC1A1) is an epithelial type high-affinity anionic amino acid transporter, and glutamate is the major oxidative fuel for intestinal epithelial cells. This study investigated the effects of EAAT3 on amino acid transport and cell proliferation through activation of the mammalian target of the rapamycin (mTOR) pathway in porcine jejunal epithelial cells (IPEC-J2). Anionic amino acid and cystine (Cys) transport were increased (P<0.05) by EAAT3 overexpression and decreased (P<0.05) by EAAT3 knockdown rather than other amino acids. MTT and cell counting assays suggested that IPEC-J2 cell proliferation increased (P<0.05) with EAAT3 overexpression. Phosphorylation of mTOR (Ser2448), ribosomal protein S6 kinase-1 (S6K1, Thr389) and eukaryotic initiation factor 4E-binding protein-1 (4EBP1, Thr70) was increased by EAAT3 overexpression and decreased by EAAT3 knockdown (P<0.05), as were levels of activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4) and cystine/glutamate antiporter (xCT) (P<0.05). Our results demonstrate for the first time that EAAT3 facilitates anionic amino acid transport and activates the mTOR pathway, promoting Cys transport and IPEC-J2 cell proliferation.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5122420 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.18632/oncotarget.9583 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
A dual expression plasmid with Microcin B17 compatible with both prokaryotic and mammalian systems.
MethodsX
June 2025
Department of Pharmacology, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan.
Proteic plasmid addiction systems, such as the control of cell death (Ccd), have been used for efficient plasmid DNA recombination. The CcdB toxin, which has a relatively long sequence of 309 bp, has been the predominant choice for this purpose. However, the need for shorter peptide toxins has emerged.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntegrated skin metabolomics and network pharmacology to explore the mechanisms of Goupi Plaster for treating knee osteoarthritis.
J Tradit Complement Med
November 2024
Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao, Heilongjiang University of Chinese, Harbin, 150040, China.
Background And Aim: Goupi Plaster (GP) is topical traditional Chinese medicine preparation. It has been used to treat Knee Osteoarthritis (KOA) in clinical practice of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). However, the mechanisms of GP relieve KOA are poorly understood.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIdentification and characterization of multiple novel viruses in fecal samples of cormorants.
Front Vet Sci
January 2025
Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China.
Introduction: Cormorants, as protected wild animals by the State Forestry Administration of China, have a broad distribution across China. Previous studies have shown that they can be infected with multiple viruses in the , , , and families. There is limited knowledge about the other viruses that cormorants may carry and infect.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFExploring the role of metabolic pathways in TNBC immunotherapy: insights from single-cell and spatial transcriptomics.
Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)
January 2025
The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, China.
The article provides an overview of the current understanding of the interplay between metabolic pathways and immune function in the context of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). It highlights recent advancements in single-cell and spatial transcriptomics technologies, which have revolutionized the analysis of tumor heterogeneity and the immune microenvironment in TNBC. The review emphasizes the crucial role of metabolic reprogramming in modulating immune cell function, discussing how specific metabolic pathways, such as glycolysis, lipid metabolism, and amino acid metabolism, can directly impact the activity and phenotypes of various immune cell populations within the TNBC tumor microenvironment.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEffects of salt stress on plant and rhizosphere bacterial communities, interaction patterns, and functions.
Front Plant Sci
January 2025
Key Laboratory of Innovation of Forage Efficient Production Model, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yinchuan, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China.
Introduction: Salt stress significantly affects plant growth, and Na has gained attention for its potential to enhance plant adaptability to saline conditions. However, the interactions between Na, plants, and rhizosphere bacterial communities remain unclear, hindering a deeper understanding of how Na contributes to plant resilience under salt stress.
Methods: This study aimed to investigate the mechanisms through which Na promotes alfalfa's adaptation to salt stress by modifying rhizosphere bacterial communities.
Want AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!