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Remimazolam for Sedation and Trachospray for Topicalization During Flexible Nasal Intubation in a Spontaneously Breathing Patient.
Cureus
January 2025
Anesthesiology and Pain and Palliative Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, NLD.
When a difficult airway is anticipated, awake tracheal intubation can be considered. Usually, low doses of sedatives are administered during this procedure for minimal sedation and anxiolysis, such as midazolam and remifentanil. The newly developed ultra-short-acting benzodiazepine remimazolam has a pharmacokinetic profile that is more suitable for titration during awake tracheal intubation than the long-acting midazolam.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLong-acting, progestin-based contraceptives and risk of breast, gynecological, and other cancers.
J Natl Cancer Inst
January 2025
School of Public Health, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4006, Australia.
Background: Use of long-acting, reversible contraceptives has increased over the past 20 years, but an understanding of how they could influence cancer risk is limited.
Methods: We conducted a nested case-control study among a national cohort of Australian women (n = 176 601 diagnosed with cancer between 2004 and 2013; 882 999 matched control individuals) to investigate the associations between the levonorgestrel intrauterine system, etonogestrel implants, depot-medroxyprogesterone acetate and cancer risk and compared these results with the oral contraceptive pill. We used conditional logistic regression to estimate odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI).
Optimal functioning of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis after cessation of prednisolone therapy: a cross-sectional study in children with nephrotic syndrome.
Pediatr Nephrol
January 2025
Department of Pediatrics, Chacha Nehru Bal Chikitsalaya, Delhi, 110031, India.
Background: Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis recovery after cessation of steroid therapy in children with nephrotic syndrome (NS) has hardly been studied in the literature.
Methods: This 22-month cross-sectional study recruited children (2-14 years) with NS, having received a minimum 3 months of prednisolone, now in remission, and off steroids for 1, 3, or 6 months. Serum cortisol-basal and stimulated (with long-acting intramuscular adrenocorticotropic hormone), and factors affecting them, were assessed.
Evaluation of long-acting cabotegravir safety and pharmacokinetics in pregnant women in eastern and southern Africa: a secondary analysis of HPTN 084.
J Int AIDS Soc
January 2025
Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
Article Synopsis
- Introduction of long-acting injectable cabotegravir (CAB-LA) for HIV prevention showed effectiveness, and this study examines its safety and pharmacokinetics in pregnant women participating in the HPTN 084 trial during a blinded period.
- In the study, pregnant participants were divided into two groups receiving either CAB-LA or TDF/FTC, with careful monitoring of pregnancy outcomes and maternal adverse events, finding that there was no significant difference in adverse event rates or poor pregnancy outcomes between the two groups.
- The analysis revealed a total of 57 confirmed pregnancies over 3845 person-years, with 81% resulting in live births, and the study concluded that CAB-LA did not result in significantly different safety or outcomes
SHIV remission in macaques with early treatment initiation and ultra long-lasting antiviral activity.
Nat Commun
December 2024
Laboratory Branch, Division of HIV Prevention, National Center for HIV, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Studies in SIV-infected macaques show that the virus reservoir is particularly refractory to conventional suppressive antiretroviral therapy (ART). We posit that optimized ART regimens designed to have robust penetration in tissue reservoirs and long-lasting antiviral activity may be advantageous for HIV or SIV remission. Here we treat macaques infected with RT-SHIV with oral emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide and long-acting cabotegravir/rilpivirine without (n = 4) or with (n = 4) the immune activator vesatolimod after the initial onset of viremia.
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