AI Article Synopsis
- Fungal exposure is linked to increased severity of asthma, enhancing responses driven by allergens and promoting severe allergic asthma, independent of prior sensitization to fungi.
- The study found that this severe asthma was characterized by steroid resistance and a mix of T2 and T17 immune responses, particularly involving IL-17A.
- These findings suggest that targeting IL-17A may be a promising treatment strategy for patients with asthma who are exposed to fungi and have difficulty responding to standard treatments.
Article Abstract
Background: Allergic sensitization to fungi has been associated with asthma severity. As a result, it has been largely assumed that the contribution of fungi to allergic disease is mediated through their potent antigenicity.
Objective: We sought to determine the mechanism by which fungi affect asthma development and severity.
Methods: We integrated epidemiologic and experimental asthma models to explore the effect of fungal exposure on asthma development and severity.
Results: We report that fungal exposure enhances allergen-driven T2 responses, promoting severe allergic asthma. This effect is independent of fungal sensitization and can be reconstituted with β-glucan and abrogated by neutralization of IL-17A. Furthermore, this severe asthma is resistant to steroids and characterized by mixed T2 and T17 responses, including IL-13IL-17CD4 double-producing effector T cells. Steroid resistance is dependent on fungus-induced T17 responses because steroid sensitivity was restored in IL-17rc mice. Similarly, in children with asthma, fungal exposure was associated with increased serum IL-17A levels and asthma severity.
Conclusion: Our data demonstrate that fungi are potent immunomodulators and have powerful effects on asthma independent of their potential to act as antigens. Furthermore, our results provide a strong rationale for combination treatment strategies targeting IL-17A for this subgroup of fungus-exposed patients with difficult-to-treat asthma.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5073040 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaci.2016.02.031 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Developing Topics.
Alzheimers Dement
December 2024
Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA.
Background: Blood-based biomarkers of Alzheimer's Disease (AD) are ideally suited for use at the population level for screening, diagnosis, and for serial assessments to track disease progression. However, a number of critical knowledge gaps remain. Importantly, 1) these biomarkers have not been sufficiently examined in longitudinal studies of older community-based populations without diagnosed dementia; and 2) it is unclear how participant characteristics such as sociodemographic characteristics and chronic conditions affect the clinical interpretation of these biomarkers.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF[Efficacy and safety of magnesium sulfate in the treatment of adult patients with acute severe asthma: a Meta-analysis].
Zhonghua Wei Zhong Bing Ji Jiu Yi Xue
December 2024
Department of General Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China.
Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of magnesium sulfate in the treatment of acute severe asthma in adults.
Methods: Literature searches were conducted on PubMed, Cochrane, CNKI, VIP and Wanfang databases to screen randomized controlled trial (RCT) of magnesium sulfate in the treatment of acute severe asthma in adults, starting from the establishment of the database and ending on May 22, 2024. The control group received conventional treatment.
Association between allergic diseases and mucosal healing in ulcerative colitis.
Sci Rep
January 2025
Department of Gastroenterology and Metabology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Ehime, Japan.
Allergic diseases and ulcerative colitis (UC) share pathophysiological similarities. This study aimed to investigate the unclear association between allergic diseases and mucosal healing (MH), an important factor in the prognosis of UC. We studied 289 Japanese patients with UC.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFComparing Efficacy of Steroid Irrigation + Steroid-eluting Sinus Stent Versus Steroid Irrigation Alone for Maintaining Frontal Sinus Patency After Sinus Surgery: A Randomized Controlled Trial.
Int Forum Allergy Rhinol
January 2025
Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA.
Background: Steroid rinses and steroid-eluting stents are both options for preventing postoperative stenosis after frontal sinus surgery. This study aimed to assess whether steroid-eluting stents offer added benefit over steroid rinses alone in postoperative healing and long-term frontal sinus patency.
Methods: A randomized controlled trial enrolled patients with CRS with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) who underwent surgery for bilateral and equal frontal sinusitis after failing prior medical therapy.
Registries in allergy: Structure, target groups, and key findings of allergy-focused registries in Germany.
Allergol Select
December 2024
Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Dermatology, Venerology and Allergology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
In allergology, clinical registries fill knowledge gaps of epidemiology, mechanisms of allergic diseases, and real-world treatment outcomes. Considering the continuous rise of allergic diseases worldwide, registries become increasingly important for the optimization and harmonization of patient care. In the current review, we present four ongoing allergy-focused registries initiated in Germany.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!