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Cost-effectiveness of leveraging existing HIV primary health systems and community health workers for hypertension screening and treatment in Africa: An individual-based modeling study.
PLoS Med
January 2025
Institute for Global Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom.
Background: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) morbidity and mortality is increasing in Africa, largely due to undiagnosed and untreated hypertension. Approaches that leverage existing primary health systems could improve hypertension treatment and reduce CVD, but cost-effectiveness is unknown. We evaluated the cost-effectiveness of population-level hypertension screening and implementation of chronic care clinics across eastern, southern, central, and western Africa.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFStudy protocol for a hybrid implementation-effectiveness trial of Game Changers for Cervical Cancer Prevention in Uganda.
PLoS One
January 2025
School of Public Health, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda.
Introduction: Cervical cancer (CC) is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths among Uganda women, yet rates of CC screening are very low. Training women who have recently screened to engage in advocacy for screening among women in their social network is a network-based strategy for promoting information dissemination and CC screening uptake.
Methods: Drawing on the Exploration, Preparation, Implementation and Sustainment (EPIS) framework for implementation science, this hybrid type 1 randomized controlled trial (RCT) of a peer-led, group advocacy training intervention, Game Changers for Cervical Cancer Prevention (GC-CCP), will examine efficacy for increasing CC screening uptake as well as how it can be implemented and sustained in diverse clinic settings.
Realistic total-body J-PET geometry optimization: Monte Carlo study.
Med Phys
January 2025
Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Applied Computer Science, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland.
Background: Total-body (TB) Positron Emission Tomography (PET) is one of the most promising medical diagnostics modalities, opening new perspectives for personalized medicine, low-dose imaging, multi-organ dynamic imaging or kinetic modeling. The high sensitivity provided by total-body technology can be advantageous for novel tomography methods like positronium imaging, demanding the registration of triple coincidences. Currently, state-of-the-art PET scanners use inorganic scintillators.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCost-effectiveness of data driven personalised antibiotic dosing in critically ill patients with sepsis or septic shock.
J Clin Monit Comput
January 2025
Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Science, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Public Health research institute, Van der Boechorststraat 7, Amsterdam, 1081 BT, the Netherlands.
Purpose: This study provides an economic evaluation of bedside, data-driven, and model-informed precision dosing of antibiotics in comparison with usual care among critically ill patients with sepsis or septic shock.
Methods: This economic evaluation was conducted alongside an AutoKinetics randomized controlled trial. Effect measures included quality-adjusted life years (QALYs), mortality and pharmacokinetic target attainment.
Sparse deconvolution beamforming with non-negative L1-αL2 regularization for acoustic source localization.
JASA Express Lett
January 2025
School of Marine Science and Technology, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China.
This letter proposed a sparse deconvolution localization method (FFT-L1ML2) driven by non-convex L1-αL2 regularization that more closely approximates the ideal L0 norm. It is an alternative that explores the sparse structure of sound sources to enhance localization accuracy, while the original sparse deconvolution beamforming lacks a sufficiently accurate sparse description. An optimization solver composed of forward gradient descent and backward proximal operator is then developed for the FFT-L1ML2 model to reconstruct the beamforming map.
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